{"route":"va-2026","type":"country-year","country":"va","country_name":"Vatican City","year":2026,"month":null,"fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","human_pause_index":null,"data_license":"ODbL-1.0","data_license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/","data_source":"OpenHolidays API","holidays":[{"date":"2026-01-01","endDate":"2026-01-01","localName":"Maria Santissima Madre di Dio","name":"Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"Vatican City's supplied holiday calendar lists 1 January as the Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God, or Maria Santissima Madre di Dio. In the Roman Rite, the feast honors Mary in her role as the mother of Jesus and falls on the eighth day of Christmastide. The calendar classifies it as public, but the supplied record does not explain the legal basis or establish the extent of any closures. The entry supports the date and listed classification, not claims about how people observe it.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"Vatican City's supplied holiday calendar lists 1 January as the Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God, or Maria Santissima Madre di Dio. In the Roman Rite, the feast honors Mary in her role as the mother of Jesus and falls on the eighth day of Christmastide. The calendar classifies it as public, but the supplied record does not explain the legal basis or establish the extent of any closures. The entry supports the date and listed classification, not claims about how people observe it.","research":{"holiday_id":"h1","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists 1 January as PUBLIC in Vatican City; it does not establish the legal basis or precise scope of the holiday.","facts":["The calendar gives the local name Maria Santissima Madre di Dio.","The Roman Rite observes the solemnity on 1 January, the eighth day of Christmastide."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied record does not specify the legal basis or scope of the public-holiday classification."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h1"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the state’s official holiday listing and any applicable closure information."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could provide authoritative liturgical information about the feast."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h1","title":"Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solemnity_of_Mary%2C_Mother_of_God","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/solemnity-of-mary-mother-of-god-january-1/"},{"date":"2026-01-06","endDate":"2026-01-06","localName":"Epifania del Signore","name":"Epiphany","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The supplied Vatican City holiday calendar lists Epiphany, locally named Epifania del Signore, on 6 January and classifies it as public. The attached contextual excerpt is only a brief disambiguation and provides no useful explanation of the observance. Accordingly, this entry confirms what the calendar lists without adding unsupported claims about the feast’s history, local customs, or the legal effect of the classification. The supplied material does not establish which services or institutions, if any, close.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"The supplied Vatican City holiday calendar lists Epiphany, locally named Epifania del Signore, on 6 January and classifies it as public. The attached contextual excerpt is only a brief disambiguation and provides no useful explanation of the observance. Accordingly, this entry confirms what the calendar lists without adding unsupported claims about the feast’s history, local customs, or the legal effect of the classification. The supplied material does not establish which services or institutions, if any, close.","research":{"holiday_id":"h2","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists 6 January as PUBLIC in Vatican City, though the contextual excerpt does not explain the feast.","facts":["The calendar lists Epiphany on 6 January under the local name Epifania del Signore."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["No substantive context about Epiphany or the public-holiday rules is supplied."],"references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify official holiday status and the scope of any public closures."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Catholic liturgical meaning and date of Epiphany."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/epiphany-january-6/"},{"date":"2026-02-11","endDate":"2026-02-11","localName":"Anniversario della istituzione dello Stato della Città del Vaticano","name":"Anniversary of the foundation of Vatican City","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"Vatican City's supplied holiday calendar lists 11 February as the anniversary of the foundation of Vatican City, with the local name Anniversario della istituzione dello Stato della Città del Vaticano. It marks the date as public. No contextual source was supplied, so this entry does not add an account of the state’s founding or infer how the anniversary is commemorated. The calendar supports the listed date, name, and classification; the precise legal basis and coverage remain unverified here.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"Vatican City's supplied holiday calendar lists 11 February as the anniversary of the foundation of Vatican City, with the local name Anniversario della istituzione dello Stato della Città del Vaticano. It marks the date as public. No contextual source was supplied, so this entry does not add an account of the state’s founding or infer how the anniversary is commemorated. The calendar supports the listed date, name, and classification; the precise legal basis and coverage remain unverified here.","research":{"holiday_id":"h3","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists 11 February as PUBLIC in Vatican City, but provides no supporting history or legal detail.","facts":["The calendar names the observance as the anniversary of the foundation of Vatican City and gives the local name Anniversario della istituzione dello Stato della Città del Vaticano."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied material does not explain the anniversary’s history or the legal scope of its public-holiday status."],"references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the state’s official holiday calendar and authoritative information about this anniversary."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could provide official historical material relevant to the anniversary."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/anniversary-of-the-foundation-of-vatican-city-february-11/"},{"date":"2026-03-19","endDate":"2026-03-19","localName":"San Giuseppe","name":"Saint Joseph","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists Saint Joseph, or San Giuseppe, on 19 March and classifies the date as public. The accompanying context identifies Joseph as Mary’s husband and Jesus’ legal father, and notes his veneration in the Catholic Church. It also describes his association with workers and the Catholic dedication of March to him. The calendar supports the listed date and classification, but does not specify the legal basis or extent of any holiday-related closures.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists Saint Joseph, or San Giuseppe, on 19 March and classifies the date as public. The accompanying context identifies Joseph as Mary’s husband and Jesus’ legal father, and notes his veneration in the Catholic Church. It also describes his association with workers and the Catholic dedication of March to him. The calendar supports the listed date and classification, but does not specify the legal basis or extent of any holiday-related closures.","research":{"holiday_id":"h4","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists 19 March as PUBLIC in Vatican City; the contextual source identifies Saint Joseph as a figure venerated by the Catholic Church.","facts":["The calendar gives the local name San Giuseppe.","Saint Joseph is venerated in the Catholic Church and is associated with workers in Catholic tradition."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied sources do not establish the legal basis or practical scope of the public-holiday classification."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h4"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify official holiday status and whether the classification affects state operations."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could provide authoritative Catholic liturgical information about Saint Joseph."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h4","title":"Saint Joseph","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Joseph","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/saint-joseph-march-19/"},{"date":"2026-04-02","endDate":"2026-04-02","localName":"Giovedì santo","name":"Maundy Thursday","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The Vatican City calendar lists Maundy Thursday, locally Giovedì santo, as public on 2 April. The supplied context describes it as a Holy Week feast marking the beginning of the Paschal Triduum. It commemorates Jesus’ washing of the disciples’ feet and the Last Supper. Its date varies from year to year, and the calendar places it on 2 April in 2026. The record does not explain the legal basis or practical reach of the public-holiday designation.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"The Vatican City calendar lists Maundy Thursday, locally Giovedì santo, as public on 2 April. The supplied context describes it as a Holy Week feast marking the beginning of the Paschal Triduum. It commemorates Jesus’ washing of the disciples’ feet and the Last Supper. Its date varies from year to year, and the calendar places it on 2 April in 2026. The record does not explain the legal basis or practical reach of the public-holiday designation.","research":{"holiday_id":"h5","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists Maundy Thursday as PUBLIC in Vatican City on 2 April; the context describes its place in Holy Week.","facts":["The local name is Giovedì santo.","The observance commemorates the Washing of the Feet and the Last Supper and begins the Paschal Triduum."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The legal basis and scope of the public-holiday classification are not stated in the supplied evidence."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h5"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the official public-holiday listing and its administrative effect."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Catholic liturgical observance and related services."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h5","title":"Maundy Thursday","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maundy_Thursday","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/maundy-thursday-april-2/"},{"date":"2026-04-03","endDate":"2026-04-03","localName":"Venerdì santo","name":"Good Friday","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"Vatican City's supplied calendar lists Good Friday, or Venerdì santo, as public on 3 April. The accompanying context describes the day as a solemn observance during Holy Week commemorating the crucifixion and death of Jesus. In Catholic tradition it belongs to the Paschal Triduum. Good Friday’s date changes with the annual calculation of Easter; the supplied calendar places it on 3 April in 2026. It does not establish the precise legal basis or extent of the public-holiday status.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"Vatican City's supplied calendar lists Good Friday, or Venerdì santo, as public on 3 April. The accompanying context describes the day as a solemn observance during Holy Week commemorating the crucifixion and death of Jesus. In Catholic tradition it belongs to the Paschal Triduum. Good Friday’s date changes with the annual calculation of Easter; the supplied calendar places it on 3 April in 2026. It does not establish the precise legal basis or extent of the public-holiday status.","research":{"holiday_id":"h6","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists Good Friday as PUBLIC in Vatican City on 3 April; the contextual source explains its Christian significance.","facts":["The local name is Venerdì santo.","Good Friday commemorates the crucifixion and death of Jesus and falls during Holy Week."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied evidence does not specify the legal basis or scope of the public-holiday classification."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h6"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the official holiday designation and any operational closures."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify authoritative information about the liturgical observance."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h6","title":"Good Friday","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_Friday","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/good-friday-april-3/"},{"date":"2026-04-04","endDate":"2026-04-04","localName":"Sabato di Pasqua","name":"Easter Saturday","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The supplied calendar lists 4 April as Easter Saturday, with the local name Sabato di Pasqua, and classifies it as public. The date falls immediately before the listed Easter Sunday of 5 April. The attached contextual excerpt uses “Easter Saturday” for a day in Eastertide, so it does not clearly explain the calendar’s use of the label for 4 April. This entry therefore relies on the calendar for the date and classification and does not infer a specific local observance or legal effect.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"The supplied calendar lists 4 April as Easter Saturday, with the local name Sabato di Pasqua, and classifies it as public. The date falls immediately before the listed Easter Sunday of 5 April. The attached contextual excerpt uses “Easter Saturday” for a day in Eastertide, so it does not clearly explain the calendar’s use of the label for 4 April. This entry therefore relies on the calendar for the date and classification and does not infer a specific local observance or legal effect.","research":{"holiday_id":"h7","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists Easter Saturday as PUBLIC in Vatican City on 4 April, though the attached excerpt uses the term in a different liturgical sense.","facts":["The local name in the calendar is Sabato di Pasqua.","The calendar places the date one day before Easter Sunday in 2026."],"confidence":"low","uncertainties":["The supplied contextual excerpt’s use of “Easter Saturday” does not clearly match the calendar’s 4 April date."],"references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could clarify the official name and public-holiday treatment of 4 April."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the liturgical designation for the day before Easter Sunday."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/easter-saturday-april-4/"},{"date":"2026-04-05","endDate":"2026-04-05","localName":"Domenica di Pasqua","name":"Easter Sunday","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The Vatican City calendar lists Easter Sunday, locally Domenica di Pasqua, as public on 5 April. The supplied context identifies Easter as the Christian celebration of Jesus’ resurrection and the culmination of the Passion. It also notes that Easter is a moveable feast rather than a fixed-date observance. The calendar supplies the 2026 date and public classification, but does not set out the legal basis or specify which activities or institutions are affected by that status.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"The Vatican City calendar lists Easter Sunday, locally Domenica di Pasqua, as public on 5 April. The supplied context identifies Easter as the Christian celebration of Jesus’ resurrection and the culmination of the Passion. It also notes that Easter is a moveable feast rather than a fixed-date observance. The calendar supplies the 2026 date and public classification, but does not set out the legal basis or specify which activities or institutions are affected by that status.","research":{"holiday_id":"h8","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists Easter Sunday as PUBLIC in Vatican City on 5 April; the context describes its central Christian meaning.","facts":["The local name is Domenica di Pasqua.","Easter commemorates Jesus’ resurrection and is a moveable feast."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The precise legal basis and scope of the public-holiday classification are not provided."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h8"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the official holiday designation and any closure details."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could provide authoritative information about Easter’s liturgical observance."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h8","title":"Easter","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/easter-sunday-april-5/"},{"date":"2026-04-06","endDate":"2026-04-06","localName":"Lunedì di Pasqua","name":"Easter Monday","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"Vatican City's supplied holiday calendar lists Easter Monday, or Lunedì di Pasqua, as public on 6 April. The attached context describes Easter Monday as the second day of Eastertide and, in Western Christianity, the second day of the Octave of Easter. These details provide liturgical context but do not establish the legal basis or practical reach of the calendar’s public classification. The listed date follows Easter Sunday in 2026; the record does not describe local customs or closures.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"Vatican City's supplied holiday calendar lists Easter Monday, or Lunedì di Pasqua, as public on 6 April. The attached context describes Easter Monday as the second day of Eastertide and, in Western Christianity, the second day of the Octave of Easter. These details provide liturgical context but do not establish the legal basis or practical reach of the calendar’s public classification. The listed date follows Easter Sunday in 2026; the record does not describe local customs or closures.","research":{"holiday_id":"h9","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists Easter Monday as PUBLIC in Vatican City on 6 April; the context places it in Eastertide.","facts":["The local name is Lunedì di Pasqua.","In Western Christianity, Easter Monday is the second day of the Octave of Easter."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied evidence does not detail the legal effect or coverage of the public-holiday classification."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h9"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the official holiday listing and its administrative scope."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify Catholic liturgical information about Easter Monday."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h9","title":"Easter Monday","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Monday","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/easter-monday-april-6/"},{"date":"2026-04-07","endDate":"2026-04-07","localName":"Martedì di Pasqua","name":"Easter Tuesday","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists Easter Tuesday, locally Martedì di Pasqua, as public on 7 April. The attached context identifies it as the third day of the Octave of Easter in the Western Christian calendar and notes that it is a holiday in some areas. That context does not specifically establish local practice in Vatican City. The supplied calendar supports the date and public classification, while the legal basis and precise scope of the designation remain unclear.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists Easter Tuesday, locally Martedì di Pasqua, as public on 7 April. The attached context identifies it as the third day of the Octave of Easter in the Western Christian calendar and notes that it is a holiday in some areas. That context does not specifically establish local practice in Vatican City. The supplied calendar supports the date and public classification, while the legal basis and precise scope of the designation remain unclear.","research":{"holiday_id":"h10","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists Easter Tuesday as PUBLIC in Vatican City on 7 April; the context describes its place in the Easter octave.","facts":["The local name is Martedì di Pasqua.","The context identifies Easter Tuesday as the third day of the Octave of Easter in the Western calendar."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The contextual excerpt does not verify how Easter Tuesday is treated specifically in Vatican City."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h10"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the specific public-holiday status and any applicable closures."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the liturgical position of Easter Tuesday."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h10","title":"Easter Tuesday","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Tuesday","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/easter-tuesday-april-7/"},{"date":"2026-05-01","endDate":"2026-05-01","localName":"San Giuseppe lavoratore","name":"Saint Joseph the Worker","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"Vatican City's supplied calendar lists 1 May as Saint Joseph the Worker, or San Giuseppe lavoratore, and marks it public. The attached contextual source discusses Saint Joseph and his wider veneration but does not specifically explain this title or the 1 May observance. This entry therefore makes no additional claim about its origin or local customs. The listed date and classification are supported by the calendar; the legal basis and the extent of any closures are not established in the supplied material.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"Vatican City's supplied calendar lists 1 May as Saint Joseph the Worker, or San Giuseppe lavoratore, and marks it public. The attached contextual source discusses Saint Joseph and his wider veneration but does not specifically explain this title or the 1 May observance. This entry therefore makes no additional claim about its origin or local customs. The listed date and classification are supported by the calendar; the legal basis and the extent of any closures are not established in the supplied material.","research":{"holiday_id":"h11","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists 1 May as PUBLIC under the name Saint Joseph the Worker; its context source concerns Saint Joseph generally, not this particular feast.","facts":["The calendar gives the local name San Giuseppe lavoratore.","The calendar lists this observance on 1 May."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied context does not specifically substantiate the history or liturgical details of the 1 May feast."],"references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the public-holiday listing and its legal or administrative effect."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Catholic observance under the title Saint Joseph the Worker."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/saint-joseph-the-worker-may-1/"},{"date":"2026-05-08","endDate":"2026-05-08","localName":"Anniversario dell'Elezione del Santo Padre","name":"Anniversary of the election of Pope Leo XIV","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists 8 May as the anniversary of the election of Pope Leo XIV, using the local name Anniversario dell'Elezione del Santo Padre. It classifies the date as public. No contextual source accompanies this entry, so the calendar is the only supplied evidence for the observance and its date. This entry does not add details about the election or assume that all institutions or services close; the legal basis and practical scope of the listing remain unverified.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists 8 May as the anniversary of the election of Pope Leo XIV, using the local name Anniversario dell'Elezione del Santo Padre. It classifies the date as public. No contextual source accompanies this entry, so the calendar is the only supplied evidence for the observance and its date. This entry does not add details about the election or assume that all institutions or services close; the legal basis and practical scope of the listing remain unverified.","research":{"holiday_id":"h12","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists 8 May as PUBLIC as the anniversary of the election of Pope Leo XIV, but no separate context is supplied.","facts":["The calendar gives the local name Anniversario dell'Elezione del Santo Padre.","The calendar associates the observance with the election of Pope Leo XIV."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["No separate source is supplied to verify the anniversary or the legal effect of its public classification."],"references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the official public-holiday designation and its scope."},{"title":"Vatican News","url":"https://www.vaticannews.va/","reason":"Could provide authoritative reporting or archival material about the papal election anniversary."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/anniversary-of-the-election-of-pope-leo-xiv-may-8/"},{"date":"2026-06-29","endDate":"2026-06-29","localName":"Santi Pietro e Paolo","name":"Saints Peter and Paul","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The Vatican City calendar lists Saints Peter and Paul, locally Santi Pietro e Paolo, as public on 29 June. The supplied context describes the feast as honoring the martyrdom of the apostles Peter and Paul in Rome and identifies 29 June as its liturgical date. These sources support the feast’s name and religious context, alongside the calendar’s listing. They do not establish the legal basis or practical scope of the public-holiday classification.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"The Vatican City calendar lists Saints Peter and Paul, locally Santi Pietro e Paolo, as public on 29 June. The supplied context describes the feast as honoring the martyrdom of the apostles Peter and Paul in Rome and identifies 29 June as its liturgical date. These sources support the feast’s name and religious context, alongside the calendar’s listing. They do not establish the legal basis or practical scope of the public-holiday classification.","research":{"holiday_id":"h13","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists 29 June as PUBLIC in Vatican City, and the contextual source identifies the feast and its significance.","facts":["The local name is Santi Pietro e Paolo.","The feast honors the martyrdom of Saints Peter and Paul in Rome and is observed liturgically on 29 June."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied sources do not specify the legal basis or scope of the public-holiday designation."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h13"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the state’s official holiday listing and any closures."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could provide authoritative liturgical information about Saints Peter and Paul."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h13","title":"Feast of Saints Peter and Paul","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feast_of_Saints_Peter_and_Paul","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/saints-peter-and-paul-june-29/"},{"date":"2026-08-14","endDate":"2026-08-14","localName":"Vigilia dell'Assunzione di Maria in Cielo","name":"Vigil of the Assumption","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists 14 August as the Vigil of the Assumption, locally Vigilia dell'Assunzione di Maria in Cielo, and classifies it as public. The following day, 15 August, is separately listed as Assumption Day. No contextual source was supplied for the vigil, so this entry does not infer a specific service, custom, or legal consequence. The calendar supports the date, name, and classification; the basis and reach of the public-holiday designation remain unverified.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists 14 August as the Vigil of the Assumption, locally Vigilia dell'Assunzione di Maria in Cielo, and classifies it as public. The following day, 15 August, is separately listed as Assumption Day. No contextual source was supplied for the vigil, so this entry does not infer a specific service, custom, or legal consequence. The calendar supports the date, name, and classification; the basis and reach of the public-holiday designation remain unverified.","research":{"holiday_id":"h14","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists 14 August as PUBLIC as the Vigil of the Assumption, but provides no separate context.","facts":["The calendar gives the local name Vigilia dell'Assunzione di Maria in Cielo.","The listed date is the day before the calendar’s Assumption Day entry."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["No supplied context verifies the vigil’s observance or the legal effect of its public classification."],"references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could confirm the official status of the vigil and whether it affects state operations."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify liturgical information about the vigil and Assumption feast."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/vigil-of-the-assumption-august-14/"},{"date":"2026-08-15","endDate":"2026-08-15","localName":"Assunzione di Maria in Cielo","name":"Assumption Day","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"Vatican City's supplied calendar lists Assumption Day, or Assunzione di Maria in Cielo, as public on 15 August. The accompanying context explains that Catholic teaching holds Mary was taken body and soul into heaven at the end of her earthly life, and gives 15 August as the feast date. The calendar supports the local listing and classification. Neither source specifies the legal basis or practical extent of the public-holiday status in Vatican City.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"Vatican City's supplied calendar lists Assumption Day, or Assunzione di Maria in Cielo, as public on 15 August. The accompanying context explains that Catholic teaching holds Mary was taken body and soul into heaven at the end of her earthly life, and gives 15 August as the feast date. The calendar supports the local listing and classification. Neither source specifies the legal basis or practical extent of the public-holiday status in Vatican City.","research":{"holiday_id":"h15","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists Assumption Day as PUBLIC on 15 August in Vatican City; the context describes the Catholic belief commemorated.","facts":["The local name is Assunzione di Maria in Cielo.","Catholic teaching holds that Mary was taken body and soul into heaven at the end of her earthly life; the feast is celebrated on 15 August."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied sources do not detail the legal basis or scope of the public-holiday classification."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h15"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify official holiday status and any related closures."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could provide authoritative Catholic teaching and liturgical information about the feast."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h15","title":"Assumption of Mary","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Mary","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/assumption-day-august-15/"},{"date":"2026-08-16","endDate":"2026-08-16","localName":"Santo Stefano d'Ungheria","name":"Saint Stephen of Hungary","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists 16 August as Saint Stephen of Hungary, or Santo Stefano d'Ungheria, and classifies it as public. No contextual source was provided, so the calendar is the only supplied evidence for the date and the observance’s recognition in this listing. This entry does not add claims about Saint Stephen’s history, local traditions, or the reason for the date. The legal basis and practical scope of the public classification remain unverified.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists 16 August as Saint Stephen of Hungary, or Santo Stefano d'Ungheria, and classifies it as public. No contextual source was provided, so the calendar is the only supplied evidence for the date and the observance’s recognition in this listing. This entry does not add claims about Saint Stephen’s history, local traditions, or the reason for the date. The legal basis and practical scope of the public classification remain unverified.","research":{"holiday_id":"h16","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists 16 August as PUBLIC under the name Saint Stephen of Hungary, but provides no context to corroborate the observance.","facts":["The calendar gives the local name Santo Stefano d'Ungheria.","The calendar lists the observance on 16 August."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["No contextual source is supplied to corroborate the observance or clarify the legal scope of its classification."],"references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify whether this observance is officially listed as a public holiday."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Catholic liturgical observance and its date."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/saint-stephen-of-hungary-august-16/"},{"date":"2026-09-08","endDate":"2026-09-08","localName":"Festa della natività della madonna","name":"Nativity of Mary","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"Vatican City's supplied calendar lists the Nativity of Mary, locally Festa della natività della madonna, as public on 8 September. The accompanying context describes it as a Christian feast celebrating the birth of Mary, mother of Jesus. It also notes that the modern biblical canon does not record her birth. The calendar supports the local date and public classification; the supplied sources do not establish the legal basis or practical scope of that status.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"Vatican City's supplied calendar lists the Nativity of Mary, locally Festa della natività della madonna, as public on 8 September. The accompanying context describes it as a Christian feast celebrating the birth of Mary, mother of Jesus. It also notes that the modern biblical canon does not record her birth. The calendar supports the local date and public classification; the supplied sources do not establish the legal basis or practical scope of that status.","research":{"holiday_id":"h17","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists the Nativity of Mary as PUBLIC on 8 September; the context describes the feast’s subject.","facts":["The calendar gives the local name Festa della natività della madonna.","The feast celebrates the birth of Mary, the mother of Jesus."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The public-holiday listing’s legal basis and practical scope are not stated in the supplied evidence."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h17"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify official holiday status and any relevant closure information."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could provide authoritative information about the Catholic feast and its observance."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h17","title":"Nativity of Mary","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nativity_of_Mary","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/nativity-of-mary-september-8/"},{"date":"2026-09-17","endDate":"2026-09-17","localName":"Onomastico del Santo Padre","name":"Saint Robert Bellarmine's Day","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists 17 September as Saint Robert Bellarmine’s Day and gives the local name Onomastico del Santo Padre. It classifies the date as public. No context source accompanies the entry, so the material here does not independently establish the connection implied by the local name or explain the observance. The calendar supports the date, name, and classification only; the legal basis and practical scope of public-holiday status remain unverified.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists 17 September as Saint Robert Bellarmine’s Day and gives the local name Onomastico del Santo Padre. It classifies the date as public. No context source accompanies the entry, so the material here does not independently establish the connection implied by the local name or explain the observance. The calendar supports the date, name, and classification only; the legal basis and practical scope of public-holiday status remain unverified.","research":{"holiday_id":"h18","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists 17 September as PUBLIC under the name Saint Robert Bellarmine’s Day, but no separate context is supplied.","facts":["The local name is Onomastico del Santo Padre.","The calendar identifies the observance as Saint Robert Bellarmine's Day."],"confidence":"low","uncertainties":["The supplied evidence does not explain the local-name reference or independently verify the observance."],"references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the official listing and public-holiday treatment of this date."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the religious calendar and the relationship indicated by the local name."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/saint-robert-bellarmine-s-day-september-17/"},{"date":"2026-11-01","endDate":"2026-11-01","localName":"Tutti i santi, Ognissanti","name":"All Saints’ Day","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The Vatican City calendar lists All Saints’ Day, locally Tutti i santi or Ognissanti, as public on 1 November. The supplied context describes it as a Christian holy day honoring all the saints and notes its status as a solemnity in Catholicism. These facts explain the religious meaning of the date, but do not establish the legal basis or practical scope of its public classification in Vatican City. The calendar supports the listed date and status.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"The Vatican City calendar lists All Saints’ Day, locally Tutti i santi or Ognissanti, as public on 1 November. The supplied context describes it as a Christian holy day honoring all the saints and notes its status as a solemnity in Catholicism. These facts explain the religious meaning of the date, but do not establish the legal basis or practical scope of its public classification in Vatican City. The calendar supports the listed date and status.","research":{"holiday_id":"h19","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists All Saints’ Day as PUBLIC on 1 November in Vatican City, and the contextual source explains its religious focus.","facts":["The local name is Tutti i santi, Ognissanti.","The day honors all the saints of the Church and is a solemnity in Catholicism."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied evidence does not state the legal basis or scope of the public-holiday classification."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h19"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the state’s official holiday listing and any closure details."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could provide authoritative liturgical information about All Saints’ Day."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h19","title":"All Saints' Day","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Saints%27_Day","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/all-saints-day-november-1/"},{"date":"2026-11-02","endDate":"2026-11-02","localName":"Giorno dei morti","name":"All Souls’ Day","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"Vatican City's supplied calendar lists All Souls’ Day, or Giorno dei morti, as public on 2 November. The accompanying context describes it as a Christian day of prayer and remembrance for the faithful departed, observed on that date in Western Christianity. This explains the observance without assuming particular local customs. The calendar supports the date and public classification, but neither supplied source establishes the legal basis or specifies the practical reach of the designation.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"Vatican City's supplied calendar lists All Souls’ Day, or Giorno dei morti, as public on 2 November. The accompanying context describes it as a Christian day of prayer and remembrance for the faithful departed, observed on that date in Western Christianity. This explains the observance without assuming particular local customs. The calendar supports the date and public classification, but neither supplied source establishes the legal basis or specifies the practical reach of the designation.","research":{"holiday_id":"h20","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists All Souls’ Day as PUBLIC on 2 November; the contextual source describes it as a day of prayer for the departed.","facts":["The local name is Giorno dei morti.","The observance is a day of prayer and remembrance for the faithful departed in Western Christianity."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied sources do not establish the legal basis or extent of the public-holiday classification."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h20"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the official holiday designation and any operational closures."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify Catholic liturgical information about All Souls’ Day."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h20","title":"All Souls' Day","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Souls%27_Day","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/all-souls-day-november-2/"},{"date":"2026-12-08","endDate":"2026-12-08","localName":"Immacolata Concezione","name":"Immaculate Conception","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists the Immaculate Conception, locally Immacolata Concezione, as public on 8 December. The accompanying context explains the Catholic doctrine that Mary was preserved from original sin from the moment of her conception and identifies 8 December as the feast day. This entry distinguishes the doctrine from claims about other Christian traditions. The calendar supports the date and classification, but does not specify the legal basis or scope of the public-holiday status.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists the Immaculate Conception, locally Immacolata Concezione, as public on 8 December. The accompanying context explains the Catholic doctrine that Mary was preserved from original sin from the moment of her conception and identifies 8 December as the feast day. This entry distinguishes the doctrine from claims about other Christian traditions. The calendar supports the date and classification, but does not specify the legal basis or scope of the public-holiday status.","research":{"holiday_id":"h21","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists the Immaculate Conception as PUBLIC on 8 December; the contextual source explains the Catholic doctrine and feast date.","facts":["The local name is Immacolata Concezione.","The Catholic doctrine holds that Mary was free of original sin from the moment of her conception; the feast is 8 December."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The legal basis and practical scope of the public-holiday classification are not given."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h21"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify official holiday status and related closures."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could provide authoritative Catholic teaching and liturgical information about the feast."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h21","title":"Immaculate Conception","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conception","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/immaculate-conception-december-8/"},{"date":"2026-12-24","endDate":"2026-12-24","localName":"Vigilia di Natale","name":"Christmas Eve","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"Vatican City's supplied calendar lists Christmas Eve, locally Vigilia di Natale, as public on 24 December. The accompanying context describes Christmas Eve as the day or evening before Christmas and notes that Christian Christmas observances have long begun on that evening in Western traditions. These details provide general context, not evidence of a specific Vatican City custom. The calendar supports the date and public classification; it does not explain their legal basis or establish the extent of any closures.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"Vatican City's supplied calendar lists Christmas Eve, locally Vigilia di Natale, as public on 24 December. The accompanying context describes Christmas Eve as the day or evening before Christmas and notes that Christian Christmas observances have long begun on that evening in Western traditions. These details provide general context, not evidence of a specific Vatican City custom. The calendar supports the date and public classification; it does not explain their legal basis or establish the extent of any closures.","research":{"holiday_id":"h22","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists Christmas Eve as PUBLIC in Vatican City on 24 December; the contextual source describes its relationship to Christmas.","facts":["The local name is Vigilia di Natale.","Christmas Eve is the day or evening before Christmas, and Christian Christmas observances may begin then."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied sources do not specify the legal basis or practical scope of the public-holiday classification."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h22"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the public-holiday status and any affected state services."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify official Christmas liturgical information and services."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h22","title":"Christmas Eve","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_Eve","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/christmas-eve-december-24/"},{"date":"2026-12-25","endDate":"2026-12-25","localName":"Natale","name":"Christmas Day","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists Christmas Day, locally Natale, as public on 25 December. The attached contextual source concerns Christmas traditions in New Zealand, so it does not verify local customs or arrangements in Vatican City. This entry therefore confines itself to the calendar’s date, name, and classification rather than transferring practices from another country. The supplied record does not establish the legal basis of the public designation or specify which services or institutions are affected.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists Christmas Day, locally Natale, as public on 25 December. The attached contextual source concerns Christmas traditions in New Zealand, so it does not verify local customs or arrangements in Vatican City. This entry therefore confines itself to the calendar’s date, name, and classification rather than transferring practices from another country. The supplied record does not establish the legal basis of the public designation or specify which services or institutions are affected.","research":{"holiday_id":"h23","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists Christmas Day as PUBLIC in Vatican City on 25 December; the attached context concerns Christmas in New Zealand, not Vatican City.","facts":["The calendar gives the local name Natale and lists 25 December."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied context is country-specific to New Zealand and does not verify Vatican City’s customs or holiday rules."],"references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the official holiday listing and any closure information."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could provide authoritative information about Christmas liturgies in Vatican City."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/christmas-day-december-25/"},{"date":"2026-12-26","endDate":"2026-12-26","localName":"Silvestro","name":"New Year's Eve","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The supplied calendar labels 26 December as New Year's Eve and gives the local name Silvestro. However, the attached context identifies New Year's Eve as 31 December, the final day of the Gregorian year. The date and name therefore conflict, and the calendar entry appears to be a mislabel rather than evidence that 26 December is New Year's Eve. Another supplied entry lists Saint Stephen's Day on 26 December. The calendar’s public classification for this mismatched record should be checked against an official source.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"The supplied calendar labels 26 December as New Year's Eve and gives the local name Silvestro. However, the attached context identifies New Year's Eve as 31 December, the final day of the Gregorian year. The date and name therefore conflict, and the calendar entry appears to be a mislabel rather than evidence that 26 December is New Year's Eve. Another supplied entry lists Saint Stephen's Day on 26 December. The calendar’s public classification for this mismatched record should be checked against an official source.","research":{"holiday_id":"h24","country_holiday_assessment":"likely_not_a_holiday","assessment_reason":"The calendar labels 26 December as New Year's Eve, but the supplied context defines New Year's Eve as 31 December; the date/name pairing appears erroneous.","facts":["The calendar lists New Year's Eve on 26 December and gives the local name Silvestro.","The supplied New Year's Eve context identifies 31 December as the final day of the Gregorian year."],"confidence":"low","uncertainties":["It is unclear whether the 26 December record is a data error or intended to describe a different observance."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h24"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could clarify the 26 December listing and verify Vatican City’s official holiday calendar."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h24","title":"New Year's Eve","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Year%27s_Eve","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/new-year-s-eve-december-26/"},{"date":"2026-12-26","endDate":"2026-12-26","localName":"Santo Stefano","name":"Saint Stephen's Day","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"Vatican City's supplied calendar lists Saint Stephen’s Day, or Santo Stefano, as public on 26 December. The attached context describes the feast as commemorating Stephen, regarded in Christian tradition as the first martyr, and places its Western Christian observance on 26 December. This is distinct from the separate calendar record that labels the same date “New Year's Eve,” a date-name mismatch. The calendar supports the Saint Stephen listing but does not establish the legal basis or scope of its public status.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"Vatican City's supplied calendar lists Saint Stephen’s Day, or Santo Stefano, as public on 26 December. The attached context describes the feast as commemorating Stephen, regarded in Christian tradition as the first martyr, and places its Western Christian observance on 26 December. This is distinct from the separate calendar record that labels the same date “New Year's Eve,” a date-name mismatch. The calendar supports the Saint Stephen listing but does not establish the legal basis or scope of its public status.","research":{"holiday_id":"h25","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists Saint Stephen’s Day as PUBLIC in Vatican City on 26 December; the contextual source describes the feast’s meaning and date.","facts":["The local name is Santo Stefano.","Saint Stephen's Day commemorates Stephen, regarded as the first Christian martyr, and falls on 26 December in Western Christianity."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied sources do not explain the legal basis or practical scope of the public-holiday classification."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h25"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the official public-holiday listing and clarify the overlapping 26 December record."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify Catholic liturgical information about Saint Stephen’s feast."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h25","title":"Saint Stephen's Day","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Stephen%27s_Day","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/saint-stephen-s-day-december-26/"},{"date":"2026-12-27","endDate":"2026-12-27","localName":"San Giovanni Evangelista","name":"Saint John the Evangelist","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists 27 December as Saint John the Evangelist, locally San Giovanni Evangelista, and classifies the date as public. No contextual source accompanies this entry, so the calendar is the only supplied evidence for the observance and its recognition in the listing. This entry does not add claims about the saint’s history, local customs, or the reason for the date. The public classification’s legal basis and practical scope remain unverified.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-05T23:46:23Z","article":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists 27 December as Saint John the Evangelist, locally San Giovanni Evangelista, and classifies the date as public. No contextual source accompanies this entry, so the calendar is the only supplied evidence for the observance and its recognition in the listing. This entry does not add claims about the saint’s history, local customs, or the reason for the date. The public classification’s legal basis and practical scope remain unverified.","research":{"holiday_id":"h26","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists 27 December as PUBLIC under the name Saint John the Evangelist, but supplies no separate context.","facts":["The calendar gives the local name San Giovanni Evangelista.","The calendar lists the observance on 27 December."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["No contextual source is supplied to corroborate the observance or clarify the legal effect of its classification."],"references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the official listing and whether this date is treated as a public holiday."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify Catholic liturgical information about Saint John the Evangelist."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2026-01-01&validTo=2026-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2026/saint-john-the-evangelist-december-27/"}],"references":{"openholidays-api":{"id":"openholidays-api","name":"OpenHolidays API","url_template":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode={country}&validFrom={year}-01-01&validTo={year}-12-31","kind":"calendar-data","license":"Open Database License (ODbL-1.0)","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/","reuse_policy":"Credit OpenHolidays and link the ODbL. Derived calendar datasets are published under ODbL-1.0 with source and license metadata.","commercial_status":"permitted-with-odbl-conditions","use":"Supported-country public holiday dates and classifications; retain source URL, retrieval timestamp, attribution, and license metadata.","images":"not-used"},"wikipedia-h1":{"id":"wikipedia-h1","title":"Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solemnity_of_Mary%2C_Mother_of_God","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h2":{"id":"wikipedia-h2","title":"Epiphany","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiphany","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h4":{"id":"wikipedia-h4","title":"Saint Joseph","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Joseph","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h5":{"id":"wikipedia-h5","title":"Maundy Thursday","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maundy_Thursday","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h6":{"id":"wikipedia-h6","title":"Good Friday","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_Friday","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h7":{"id":"wikipedia-h7","title":"Easter Saturday","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Saturday","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h8":{"id":"wikipedia-h8","title":"Easter","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h9":{"id":"wikipedia-h9","title":"Easter Monday","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Monday","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h10":{"id":"wikipedia-h10","title":"Easter Tuesday","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Tuesday","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h11":{"id":"wikipedia-h11","title":"Saint Joseph's Day","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Joseph%27s_Day","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h13":{"id":"wikipedia-h13","title":"Feast of Saints Peter and Paul","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feast_of_Saints_Peter_and_Paul","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h15":{"id":"wikipedia-h15","title":"Assumption of Mary","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Mary","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h17":{"id":"wikipedia-h17","title":"Nativity of Mary","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nativity_of_Mary","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h19":{"id":"wikipedia-h19","title":"All Saints' Day","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Saints%27_Day","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h20":{"id":"wikipedia-h20","title":"All Souls' Day","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Souls%27_Day","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h21":{"id":"wikipedia-h21","title":"Immaculate Conception","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conception","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h22":{"id":"wikipedia-h22","title":"Christmas Eve","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_Eve","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h23":{"id":"wikipedia-h23","title":"Christmas in New Zealand","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_in_New_Zealand","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h24":{"id":"wikipedia-h24","title":"New Year's Eve","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Year%27s_Eve","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h25":{"id":"wikipedia-h25","title":"Saint Stephen's Day","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Stephen%27s_Day","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."}},"article_quality":"country-year-research-v1","research":{"model":"llm-proxy","source_registry":"source-registry.json","sfw":true,"request_id":"7919aa56-e952-450e-bbb6-5dbae4676873","request_ids":["7919aa56-e952-450e-bbb6-5dbae4676873"],"response_schema":"country-year-holidays-v1","response":{"holidays":[{"holiday_id":"h1","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists 1 January as PUBLIC in Vatican City; it does not establish the legal basis or precise scope of the holiday.","facts":["The calendar gives the local name Maria Santissima Madre di Dio.","The Roman Rite observes the solemnity on 1 January, the eighth day of Christmastide."],"article":"Vatican City's supplied holiday calendar lists 1 January as the Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God, or Maria Santissima Madre di Dio. In the Roman Rite, the feast honors Mary in her role as the mother of Jesus and falls on the eighth day of Christmastide. The calendar classifies it as public, but the supplied record does not explain the legal basis or establish the extent of any closures. The entry supports the date and listed classification, not claims about how people observe it.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h1"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the state’s official holiday listing and any applicable closure information."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could provide authoritative liturgical information about the feast."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied record does not specify the legal basis or scope of the public-holiday classification."]},{"holiday_id":"h2","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists 6 January as PUBLIC in Vatican City, though the contextual excerpt does not explain the feast.","facts":["The calendar lists Epiphany on 6 January under the local name Epifania del Signore."],"article":"The supplied Vatican City holiday calendar lists Epiphany, locally named Epifania del Signore, on 6 January and classifies it as public. The attached contextual excerpt is only a brief disambiguation and provides no useful explanation of the observance. Accordingly, this entry confirms what the calendar lists without adding unsupported claims about the feast’s history, local customs, or the legal effect of the classification. The supplied material does not establish which services or institutions, if any, close.","references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify official holiday status and the scope of any public closures."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Catholic liturgical meaning and date of Epiphany."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["No substantive context about Epiphany or the public-holiday rules is supplied."]},{"holiday_id":"h3","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists 11 February as PUBLIC in Vatican City, but provides no supporting history or legal detail.","facts":["The calendar names the observance as the anniversary of the foundation of Vatican City and gives the local name Anniversario della istituzione dello Stato della Città del Vaticano."],"article":"Vatican City's supplied holiday calendar lists 11 February as the anniversary of the foundation of Vatican City, with the local name Anniversario della istituzione dello Stato della Città del Vaticano. It marks the date as public. No contextual source was supplied, so this entry does not add an account of the state’s founding or infer how the anniversary is commemorated. The calendar supports the listed date, name, and classification; the precise legal basis and coverage remain unverified here.","references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the state’s official holiday calendar and authoritative information about this anniversary."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could provide official historical material relevant to the anniversary."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied material does not explain the anniversary’s history or the legal scope of its public-holiday status."]},{"holiday_id":"h4","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists 19 March as PUBLIC in Vatican City; the contextual source identifies Saint Joseph as a figure venerated by the Catholic Church.","facts":["The calendar gives the local name San Giuseppe.","Saint Joseph is venerated in the Catholic Church and is associated with workers in Catholic tradition."],"article":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists Saint Joseph, or San Giuseppe, on 19 March and classifies the date as public. The accompanying context identifies Joseph as Mary’s husband and Jesus’ legal father, and notes his veneration in the Catholic Church. It also describes his association with workers and the Catholic dedication of March to him. The calendar supports the listed date and classification, but does not specify the legal basis or extent of any holiday-related closures.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h4"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify official holiday status and whether the classification affects state operations."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could provide authoritative Catholic liturgical information about Saint Joseph."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied sources do not establish the legal basis or practical scope of the public-holiday classification."]},{"holiday_id":"h5","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists Maundy Thursday as PUBLIC in Vatican City on 2 April; the context describes its place in Holy Week.","facts":["The local name is Giovedì santo.","The observance commemorates the Washing of the Feet and the Last Supper and begins the Paschal Triduum."],"article":"The Vatican City calendar lists Maundy Thursday, locally Giovedì santo, as public on 2 April. The supplied context describes it as a Holy Week feast marking the beginning of the Paschal Triduum. It commemorates Jesus’ washing of the disciples’ feet and the Last Supper. Its date varies from year to year, and the calendar places it on 2 April in 2026. The record does not explain the legal basis or practical reach of the public-holiday designation.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h5"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the official public-holiday listing and its administrative effect."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Catholic liturgical observance and related services."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The legal basis and scope of the public-holiday classification are not stated in the supplied evidence."]},{"holiday_id":"h6","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists Good Friday as PUBLIC in Vatican City on 3 April; the contextual source explains its Christian significance.","facts":["The local name is Venerdì santo.","Good Friday commemorates the crucifixion and death of Jesus and falls during Holy Week."],"article":"Vatican City's supplied calendar lists Good Friday, or Venerdì santo, as public on 3 April. The accompanying context describes the day as a solemn observance during Holy Week commemorating the crucifixion and death of Jesus. In Catholic tradition it belongs to the Paschal Triduum. Good Friday’s date changes with the annual calculation of Easter; the supplied calendar places it on 3 April in 2026. It does not establish the precise legal basis or extent of the public-holiday status.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h6"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the official holiday designation and any operational closures."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify authoritative information about the liturgical observance."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied evidence does not specify the legal basis or scope of the public-holiday classification."]},{"holiday_id":"h7","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists Easter Saturday as PUBLIC in Vatican City on 4 April, though the attached excerpt uses the term in a different liturgical sense.","facts":["The local name in the calendar is Sabato di Pasqua.","The calendar places the date one day before Easter Sunday in 2026."],"article":"The supplied calendar lists 4 April as Easter Saturday, with the local name Sabato di Pasqua, and classifies it as public. The date falls immediately before the listed Easter Sunday of 5 April. The attached contextual excerpt uses “Easter Saturday” for a day in Eastertide, so it does not clearly explain the calendar’s use of the label for 4 April. This entry therefore relies on the calendar for the date and classification and does not infer a specific local observance or legal effect.","references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could clarify the official name and public-holiday treatment of 4 April."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the liturgical designation for the day before Easter Sunday."}],"confidence":"low","uncertainties":["The supplied contextual excerpt’s use of “Easter Saturday” does not clearly match the calendar’s 4 April date."]},{"holiday_id":"h8","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists Easter Sunday as PUBLIC in Vatican City on 5 April; the context describes its central Christian meaning.","facts":["The local name is Domenica di Pasqua.","Easter commemorates Jesus’ resurrection and is a moveable feast."],"article":"The Vatican City calendar lists Easter Sunday, locally Domenica di Pasqua, as public on 5 April. The supplied context identifies Easter as the Christian celebration of Jesus’ resurrection and the culmination of the Passion. It also notes that Easter is a moveable feast rather than a fixed-date observance. The calendar supplies the 2026 date and public classification, but does not set out the legal basis or specify which activities or institutions are affected by that status.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h8"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the official holiday designation and any closure details."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could provide authoritative information about Easter’s liturgical observance."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The precise legal basis and scope of the public-holiday classification are not provided."]},{"holiday_id":"h9","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists Easter Monday as PUBLIC in Vatican City on 6 April; the context places it in Eastertide.","facts":["The local name is Lunedì di Pasqua.","In Western Christianity, Easter Monday is the second day of the Octave of Easter."],"article":"Vatican City's supplied holiday calendar lists Easter Monday, or Lunedì di Pasqua, as public on 6 April. The attached context describes Easter Monday as the second day of Eastertide and, in Western Christianity, the second day of the Octave of Easter. These details provide liturgical context but do not establish the legal basis or practical reach of the calendar’s public classification. The listed date follows Easter Sunday in 2026; the record does not describe local customs or closures.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h9"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the official holiday listing and its administrative scope."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify Catholic liturgical information about Easter Monday."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied evidence does not detail the legal effect or coverage of the public-holiday classification."]},{"holiday_id":"h10","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists Easter Tuesday as PUBLIC in Vatican City on 7 April; the context describes its place in the Easter octave.","facts":["The local name is Martedì di Pasqua.","The context identifies Easter Tuesday as the third day of the Octave of Easter in the Western calendar."],"article":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists Easter Tuesday, locally Martedì di Pasqua, as public on 7 April. The attached context identifies it as the third day of the Octave of Easter in the Western Christian calendar and notes that it is a holiday in some areas. That context does not specifically establish local practice in Vatican City. The supplied calendar supports the date and public classification, while the legal basis and precise scope of the designation remain unclear.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h10"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the specific public-holiday status and any applicable closures."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the liturgical position of Easter Tuesday."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The contextual excerpt does not verify how Easter Tuesday is treated specifically in Vatican City."]},{"holiday_id":"h11","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists 1 May as PUBLIC under the name Saint Joseph the Worker; its context source concerns Saint Joseph generally, not this particular feast.","facts":["The calendar gives the local name San Giuseppe lavoratore.","The calendar lists this observance on 1 May."],"article":"Vatican City's supplied calendar lists 1 May as Saint Joseph the Worker, or San Giuseppe lavoratore, and marks it public. The attached contextual source discusses Saint Joseph and his wider veneration but does not specifically explain this title or the 1 May observance. This entry therefore makes no additional claim about its origin or local customs. The listed date and classification are supported by the calendar; the legal basis and the extent of any closures are not established in the supplied material.","references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the public-holiday listing and its legal or administrative effect."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Catholic observance under the title Saint Joseph the Worker."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied context does not specifically substantiate the history or liturgical details of the 1 May feast."]},{"holiday_id":"h12","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists 8 May as PUBLIC as the anniversary of the election of Pope Leo XIV, but no separate context is supplied.","facts":["The calendar gives the local name Anniversario dell'Elezione del Santo Padre.","The calendar associates the observance with the election of Pope Leo XIV."],"article":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists 8 May as the anniversary of the election of Pope Leo XIV, using the local name Anniversario dell'Elezione del Santo Padre. It classifies the date as public. No contextual source accompanies this entry, so the calendar is the only supplied evidence for the observance and its date. This entry does not add details about the election or assume that all institutions or services close; the legal basis and practical scope of the listing remain unverified.","references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the official public-holiday designation and its scope."},{"title":"Vatican News","url":"https://www.vaticannews.va/","reason":"Could provide authoritative reporting or archival material about the papal election anniversary."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["No separate source is supplied to verify the anniversary or the legal effect of its public classification."]},{"holiday_id":"h13","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists 29 June as PUBLIC in Vatican City, and the contextual source identifies the feast and its significance.","facts":["The local name is Santi Pietro e Paolo.","The feast honors the martyrdom of Saints Peter and Paul in Rome and is observed liturgically on 29 June."],"article":"The Vatican City calendar lists Saints Peter and Paul, locally Santi Pietro e Paolo, as public on 29 June. The supplied context describes the feast as honoring the martyrdom of the apostles Peter and Paul in Rome and identifies 29 June as its liturgical date. These sources support the feast’s name and religious context, alongside the calendar’s listing. They do not establish the legal basis or practical scope of the public-holiday classification.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h13"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the state’s official holiday listing and any closures."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could provide authoritative liturgical information about Saints Peter and Paul."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied sources do not specify the legal basis or scope of the public-holiday designation."]},{"holiday_id":"h14","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists 14 August as PUBLIC as the Vigil of the Assumption, but provides no separate context.","facts":["The calendar gives the local name Vigilia dell'Assunzione di Maria in Cielo.","The listed date is the day before the calendar’s Assumption Day entry."],"article":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists 14 August as the Vigil of the Assumption, locally Vigilia dell'Assunzione di Maria in Cielo, and classifies it as public. The following day, 15 August, is separately listed as Assumption Day. No contextual source was supplied for the vigil, so this entry does not infer a specific service, custom, or legal consequence. The calendar supports the date, name, and classification; the basis and reach of the public-holiday designation remain unverified.","references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could confirm the official status of the vigil and whether it affects state operations."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify liturgical information about the vigil and Assumption feast."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["No supplied context verifies the vigil’s observance or the legal effect of its public classification."]},{"holiday_id":"h15","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists Assumption Day as PUBLIC on 15 August in Vatican City; the context describes the Catholic belief commemorated.","facts":["The local name is Assunzione di Maria in Cielo.","Catholic teaching holds that Mary was taken body and soul into heaven at the end of her earthly life; the feast is celebrated on 15 August."],"article":"Vatican City's supplied calendar lists Assumption Day, or Assunzione di Maria in Cielo, as public on 15 August. The accompanying context explains that Catholic teaching holds Mary was taken body and soul into heaven at the end of her earthly life, and gives 15 August as the feast date. The calendar supports the local listing and classification. Neither source specifies the legal basis or practical extent of the public-holiday status in Vatican City.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h15"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify official holiday status and any related closures."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could provide authoritative Catholic teaching and liturgical information about the feast."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied sources do not detail the legal basis or scope of the public-holiday classification."]},{"holiday_id":"h16","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists 16 August as PUBLIC under the name Saint Stephen of Hungary, but provides no context to corroborate the observance.","facts":["The calendar gives the local name Santo Stefano d'Ungheria.","The calendar lists the observance on 16 August."],"article":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists 16 August as Saint Stephen of Hungary, or Santo Stefano d'Ungheria, and classifies it as public. No contextual source was provided, so the calendar is the only supplied evidence for the date and the observance’s recognition in this listing. This entry does not add claims about Saint Stephen’s history, local traditions, or the reason for the date. The legal basis and practical scope of the public classification remain unverified.","references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify whether this observance is officially listed as a public holiday."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Catholic liturgical observance and its date."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["No contextual source is supplied to corroborate the observance or clarify the legal scope of its classification."]},{"holiday_id":"h17","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists the Nativity of Mary as PUBLIC on 8 September; the context describes the feast’s subject.","facts":["The calendar gives the local name Festa della natività della madonna.","The feast celebrates the birth of Mary, the mother of Jesus."],"article":"Vatican City's supplied calendar lists the Nativity of Mary, locally Festa della natività della madonna, as public on 8 September. The accompanying context describes it as a Christian feast celebrating the birth of Mary, mother of Jesus. It also notes that the modern biblical canon does not record her birth. The calendar supports the local date and public classification; the supplied sources do not establish the legal basis or practical scope of that status.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h17"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify official holiday status and any relevant closure information."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could provide authoritative information about the Catholic feast and its observance."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The public-holiday listing’s legal basis and practical scope are not stated in the supplied evidence."]},{"holiday_id":"h18","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists 17 September as PUBLIC under the name Saint Robert Bellarmine’s Day, but no separate context is supplied.","facts":["The local name is Onomastico del Santo Padre.","The calendar identifies the observance as Saint Robert Bellarmine's Day."],"article":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists 17 September as Saint Robert Bellarmine’s Day and gives the local name Onomastico del Santo Padre. It classifies the date as public. No context source accompanies the entry, so the material here does not independently establish the connection implied by the local name or explain the observance. The calendar supports the date, name, and classification only; the legal basis and practical scope of public-holiday status remain unverified.","references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the official listing and public-holiday treatment of this date."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the religious calendar and the relationship indicated by the local name."}],"confidence":"low","uncertainties":["The supplied evidence does not explain the local-name reference or independently verify the observance."]},{"holiday_id":"h19","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists All Saints’ Day as PUBLIC on 1 November in Vatican City, and the contextual source explains its religious focus.","facts":["The local name is Tutti i santi, Ognissanti.","The day honors all the saints of the Church and is a solemnity in Catholicism."],"article":"The Vatican City calendar lists All Saints’ Day, locally Tutti i santi or Ognissanti, as public on 1 November. The supplied context describes it as a Christian holy day honoring all the saints and notes its status as a solemnity in Catholicism. These facts explain the religious meaning of the date, but do not establish the legal basis or practical scope of its public classification in Vatican City. The calendar supports the listed date and status.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h19"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the state’s official holiday listing and any closure details."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could provide authoritative liturgical information about All Saints’ Day."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied evidence does not state the legal basis or scope of the public-holiday classification."]},{"holiday_id":"h20","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists All Souls’ Day as PUBLIC on 2 November; the contextual source describes it as a day of prayer for the departed.","facts":["The local name is Giorno dei morti.","The observance is a day of prayer and remembrance for the faithful departed in Western Christianity."],"article":"Vatican City's supplied calendar lists All Souls’ Day, or Giorno dei morti, as public on 2 November. The accompanying context describes it as a Christian day of prayer and remembrance for the faithful departed, observed on that date in Western Christianity. This explains the observance without assuming particular local customs. The calendar supports the date and public classification, but neither supplied source establishes the legal basis or specifies the practical reach of the designation.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h20"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the official holiday designation and any operational closures."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify Catholic liturgical information about All Souls’ Day."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied sources do not establish the legal basis or extent of the public-holiday classification."]},{"holiday_id":"h21","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists the Immaculate Conception as PUBLIC on 8 December; the contextual source explains the Catholic doctrine and feast date.","facts":["The local name is Immacolata Concezione.","The Catholic doctrine holds that Mary was free of original sin from the moment of her conception; the feast is 8 December."],"article":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists the Immaculate Conception, locally Immacolata Concezione, as public on 8 December. The accompanying context explains the Catholic doctrine that Mary was preserved from original sin from the moment of her conception and identifies 8 December as the feast day. This entry distinguishes the doctrine from claims about other Christian traditions. The calendar supports the date and classification, but does not specify the legal basis or scope of the public-holiday status.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h21"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify official holiday status and related closures."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could provide authoritative Catholic teaching and liturgical information about the feast."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The legal basis and practical scope of the public-holiday classification are not given."]},{"holiday_id":"h22","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists Christmas Eve as PUBLIC in Vatican City on 24 December; the contextual source describes its relationship to Christmas.","facts":["The local name is Vigilia di Natale.","Christmas Eve is the day or evening before Christmas, and Christian Christmas observances may begin then."],"article":"Vatican City's supplied calendar lists Christmas Eve, locally Vigilia di Natale, as public on 24 December. The accompanying context describes Christmas Eve as the day or evening before Christmas and notes that Christian Christmas observances have long begun on that evening in Western traditions. These details provide general context, not evidence of a specific Vatican City custom. The calendar supports the date and public classification; it does not explain their legal basis or establish the extent of any closures.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h22"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the public-holiday status and any affected state services."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify official Christmas liturgical information and services."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied sources do not specify the legal basis or practical scope of the public-holiday classification."]},{"holiday_id":"h23","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists Christmas Day as PUBLIC in Vatican City on 25 December; the attached context concerns Christmas in New Zealand, not Vatican City.","facts":["The calendar gives the local name Natale and lists 25 December."],"article":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists Christmas Day, locally Natale, as public on 25 December. The attached contextual source concerns Christmas traditions in New Zealand, so it does not verify local customs or arrangements in Vatican City. This entry therefore confines itself to the calendar’s date, name, and classification rather than transferring practices from another country. The supplied record does not establish the legal basis of the public designation or specify which services or institutions are affected.","references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the official holiday listing and any closure information."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could provide authoritative information about Christmas liturgies in Vatican City."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied context is country-specific to New Zealand and does not verify Vatican City’s customs or holiday rules."]},{"holiday_id":"h24","country_holiday_assessment":"likely_not_a_holiday","assessment_reason":"The calendar labels 26 December as New Year's Eve, but the supplied context defines New Year's Eve as 31 December; the date/name pairing appears erroneous.","facts":["The calendar lists New Year's Eve on 26 December and gives the local name Silvestro.","The supplied New Year's Eve context identifies 31 December as the final day of the Gregorian year."],"article":"The supplied calendar labels 26 December as New Year's Eve and gives the local name Silvestro. However, the attached context identifies New Year's Eve as 31 December, the final day of the Gregorian year. The date and name therefore conflict, and the calendar entry appears to be a mislabel rather than evidence that 26 December is New Year's Eve. Another supplied entry lists Saint Stephen's Day on 26 December. The calendar’s public classification for this mismatched record should be checked against an official source.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h24"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could clarify the 26 December listing and verify Vatican City’s official holiday calendar."}],"confidence":"low","uncertainties":["It is unclear whether the 26 December record is a data error or intended to describe a different observance."]},{"holiday_id":"h25","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists Saint Stephen’s Day as PUBLIC in Vatican City on 26 December; the contextual source describes the feast’s meaning and date.","facts":["The local name is Santo Stefano.","Saint Stephen's Day commemorates Stephen, regarded as the first Christian martyr, and falls on 26 December in Western Christianity."],"article":"Vatican City's supplied calendar lists Saint Stephen’s Day, or Santo Stefano, as public on 26 December. The attached context describes the feast as commemorating Stephen, regarded in Christian tradition as the first martyr, and places its Western Christian observance on 26 December. This is distinct from the separate calendar record that labels the same date “New Year's Eve,” a date-name mismatch. The calendar supports the Saint Stephen listing but does not establish the legal basis or scope of its public status.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h25"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the official public-holiday listing and clarify the overlapping 26 December record."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify Catholic liturgical information about Saint Stephen’s feast."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied sources do not explain the legal basis or practical scope of the public-holiday classification."]},{"holiday_id":"h26","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists 27 December as PUBLIC under the name Saint John the Evangelist, but supplies no separate context.","facts":["The calendar gives the local name San Giovanni Evangelista.","The calendar lists the observance on 27 December."],"article":"The supplied Vatican City calendar lists 27 December as Saint John the Evangelist, locally San Giovanni Evangelista, and classifies the date as public. No contextual source accompanies this entry, so the calendar is the only supplied evidence for the observance and its recognition in the listing. This entry does not add claims about the saint’s history, local customs, or the reason for the date. The public classification’s legal basis and practical scope remain unverified.","references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official portal","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the official listing and whether this date is treated as a public holiday."},{"title":"Holy See","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify Catholic liturgical information about Saint John the Evangelist."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["No contextual source is supplied to corroborate the observance or clarify the legal effect of its classification."]}]}}}