{"route":"va-2027","type":"country-year","country":"va","country_name":"Vatican City","year":2027,"month":null,"fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","human_pause_index":null,"data_license":"ODbL-1.0","data_license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/","data_source":"OpenHolidays API","holidays":[{"date":"2027-01-01","endDate":"2027-01-01","localName":"Maria Santissima Madre di Dio","name":"Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"Vatican City’s supplied calendar lists the Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God on 1 January 2027. In the Roman Catholic calendar, this feast honors Mary in her role as the mother of Jesus and falls on the eighth day of Christmastide. The listing supports treating it as a Vatican calendar observance, but the material provided does not independently confirm whether all services or institutions close, or whether any exceptions apply. Its religious meaning is distinct from the civil New Year observance that shares the date.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"Vatican City’s supplied calendar lists the Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God on 1 January 2027. In the Roman Catholic calendar, this feast honors Mary in her role as the mother of Jesus and falls on the eighth day of Christmastide. The listing supports treating it as a Vatican calendar observance, but the material provided does not independently confirm whether all services or institutions close, or whether any exceptions apply. Its religious meaning is distinct from the civil New Year observance that shares the date.","research":{"holiday_id":"h1","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists this as a Vatican public holiday; the supplied context confirms its Catholic observance on 1 January, but does not establish the precise legal arrangements for the day.","facts":["Listed for 1 January 2027 as a public holiday.","The Catholic Roman Rite celebrates the solemnity on 1 January."],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The calendar listing does not specify the extent of closures or the legal basis for the holiday."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h1"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Holy See’s liturgical calendar and relevant Vatican observance details."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h1","title":"Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solemnity_of_Mary%2C_Mother_of_God","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/solemnity-of-mary-mother-of-god-january-1/"},{"date":"2027-01-06","endDate":"2027-01-06","localName":"Epifania del Signore","name":"Epiphany","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The supplied Vatican calendar lists Epiphany, or Epifania del Signore, on 6 January 2027. Epiphany is a Christian feast in the Christmas season; the calendar entry itself establishes the listed date and public classification, not the scope of any closure. The attached context excerpt only says that “Epiphany” may refer to different things, so it does not verify the feast’s particular history or Vatican arrangements. This entry is therefore best understood as a calendar-listed religious observance, with practical details left open.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"The supplied Vatican calendar lists Epiphany, or Epifania del Signore, on 6 January 2027. Epiphany is a Christian feast in the Christmas season; the calendar entry itself establishes the listed date and public classification, not the scope of any closure. The attached context excerpt only says that “Epiphany” may refer to different things, so it does not verify the feast’s particular history or Vatican arrangements. This entry is therefore best understood as a calendar-listed religious observance, with practical details left open.","research":{"holiday_id":"h2","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists Epiphany as a Vatican public holiday on 6 January; the attached context excerpt is not informative enough to verify additional details.","facts":["Listed for 6 January 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context excerpt does not provide usable information about the feast."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied context gives no substantive information about Epiphany or its Vatican-specific observance."],"references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Roman Catholic liturgical calendar and Vatican observance details for Epiphany."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/epiphany-january-6/"},{"date":"2027-02-11","endDate":"2027-02-11","localName":"Anniversario della istituzione dello Stato della Città del Vaticano","name":"Anniversary of the foundation of Vatican City","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The Vatican calendar lists 11 February 2027 as the anniversary of the foundation of Vatican City. The entry identifies it as a public holiday, but the supplied material does not explain the historical event being commemorated or specify what institutions observe a closure. The date also appears alongside religious feasts in the calendar, but this entry is framed as a civic anniversary. For a fuller account of its origin and current official status, a Vatican State source would be more suitable than assuming details from the calendar label alone.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"The Vatican calendar lists 11 February 2027 as the anniversary of the foundation of Vatican City. The entry identifies it as a public holiday, but the supplied material does not explain the historical event being commemorated or specify what institutions observe a closure. The date also appears alongside religious feasts in the calendar, but this entry is framed as a civic anniversary. For a fuller account of its origin and current official status, a Vatican State source would be more suitable than assuming details from the calendar label alone.","research":{"holiday_id":"h3","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists the anniversary as a Vatican public holiday. The supplied evidence does not independently establish the anniversary’s history or the legal scope of the holiday.","facts":["Listed for 11 February 2027 as a public holiday.","The listed name identifies it as an anniversary of Vatican City’s foundation."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied evidence does not give the anniversary’s historical background or define the scope of the public holiday."],"references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official website","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the anniversary’s official name, historical background and State holiday status."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/anniversary-of-the-foundation-of-vatican-city-february-11/"},{"date":"2027-03-19","endDate":"2027-03-19","localName":"San Giuseppe","name":"Saint Joseph","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"Vatican City’s calendar lists Saint Joseph on 19 March 2027. The supplied context describes Joseph as Mary’s husband and Jesus’ legal father, and notes his veneration in the Catholic Church. The feast is therefore a religious observance, rather than a date whose significance is established here through a civic history. The calendar classifies it as public, but the sources provided do not state which workplaces or institutions close, or whether the observance has any local variations in Vatican City.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"Vatican City’s calendar lists Saint Joseph on 19 March 2027. The supplied context describes Joseph as Mary’s husband and Jesus’ legal father, and notes his veneration in the Catholic Church. The feast is therefore a religious observance, rather than a date whose significance is established here through a civic history. The calendar classifies it as public, but the sources provided do not state which workplaces or institutions close, or whether the observance has any local variations in Vatican City.","research":{"holiday_id":"h4","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists Saint Joseph as a Vatican public holiday on 19 March, and the supplied context supports his significance in Catholic tradition; it does not verify local closure arrangements.","facts":["Listed for 19 March 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context identifies Joseph as Mary’s husband and Jesus’ legal father and notes his veneration in the Catholic Church."],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The provided sources do not specify the holiday’s practical effect on services or institutions."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h4"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the feast’s Vatican liturgical observance and any associated public-holiday arrangements."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h4","title":"Saint Joseph","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Joseph","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/saint-joseph-march-19/"},{"date":"2027-03-25","endDate":"2027-03-25","localName":"Giovedì santo","name":"Maundy Thursday","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"Maundy Thursday, called Giovedì santo in the supplied calendar, falls on 25 March 2027 and is listed as a Vatican public holiday. The supplied context describes it as part of Holy Week and the beginning of the Paschal Triduum, commemorating Jesus’ Last Supper with the apostles and the washing of feet. Those religious meanings explain the observance, but the calendar and context do not establish which State or Church services change their hours. The listing supports the holiday’s inclusion, not a claim of universal closure.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"Maundy Thursday, called Giovedì santo in the supplied calendar, falls on 25 March 2027 and is listed as a Vatican public holiday. The supplied context describes it as part of Holy Week and the beginning of the Paschal Triduum, commemorating Jesus’ Last Supper with the apostles and the washing of feet. Those religious meanings explain the observance, but the calendar and context do not establish which State or Church services change their hours. The listing supports the holiday’s inclusion, not a claim of universal closure.","research":{"holiday_id":"h5","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The Vatican calendar lists Maundy Thursday as a public holiday, and the supplied context describes its place in Holy Week and what it commemorates.","facts":["Listed for 25 March 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context says it begins the Paschal Triduum and commemorates the Last Supper and washing of feet."],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The supplied evidence does not specify closures or operational changes in Vatican City."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h5"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Vatican’s Holy Week liturgy and official service arrangements."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h5","title":"Maundy Thursday","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maundy_Thursday","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/maundy-thursday-march-25/"},{"date":"2027-03-26","endDate":"2027-03-26","localName":"Venerdì santo","name":"Good Friday","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"Good Friday is listed in the Vatican calendar for 26 March 2027. The supplied context describes it as a solemn Christian day commemorating Jesus’ crucifixion and death, observed during Holy Week as part of the Paschal Triduum. This religious context helps explain the date’s significance in the Vatican calendar. The materials provided do not say which offices or services suspend operations, so the public-holiday classification should not be taken as evidence that every institution follows the same schedule.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"Good Friday is listed in the Vatican calendar for 26 March 2027. The supplied context describes it as a solemn Christian day commemorating Jesus’ crucifixion and death, observed during Holy Week as part of the Paschal Triduum. This religious context helps explain the date’s significance in the Vatican calendar. The materials provided do not say which offices or services suspend operations, so the public-holiday classification should not be taken as evidence that every institution follows the same schedule.","research":{"holiday_id":"h6","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists Good Friday as a Vatican public holiday, and the supplied context confirms its Christian commemoration of the crucifixion and death of Jesus.","facts":["Listed for 26 March 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context identifies it as a solemn day commemorating Jesus’ crucifixion and death."],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["No supplied source specifies the extent of closures or service changes."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h6"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Vatican’s Good Friday liturgy and any official changes to public services."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h6","title":"Good Friday","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_Friday","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/good-friday-march-26/"},{"date":"2027-03-27","endDate":"2027-03-27","localName":"Sabato di Pasqua","name":"Easter Saturday","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The supplied calendar lists Easter Saturday, Sabato di Pasqua, as a public holiday on 27 March 2027, one day before its Easter Sunday entry. However, the attached context describes “Easter Saturday” as the Saturday of Easter Week, which follows Easter Sunday; it does not explain the date listed here. The entry may be referring to Holy Saturday, the day before Easter in the Western Christian calendar, but that identification is not verified by the supplied context. The precise intended observance and any local arrangements remain uncertain.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"The supplied calendar lists Easter Saturday, Sabato di Pasqua, as a public holiday on 27 March 2027, one day before its Easter Sunday entry. However, the attached context describes “Easter Saturday” as the Saturday of Easter Week, which follows Easter Sunday; it does not explain the date listed here. The entry may be referring to Holy Saturday, the day before Easter in the Western Christian calendar, but that identification is not verified by the supplied context. The precise intended observance and any local arrangements remain uncertain.","research":{"holiday_id":"h7","country_holiday_assessment":"uncertain","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists Easter Saturday as public on 27 March, but the attached context describes the Saturday of Easter Week, which is after Easter Sunday and does not match this listed date.","facts":["Listed for 27 March 2027 as a public holiday.","The calendar places it one day before its listed Easter Sunday.","The attached context describes a different day in the Easter season."],"confidence":"low","uncertainties":["The attached context’s definition does not match the calendar’s placement of this date before Easter Sunday.","It is unclear whether the entry intends Holy Saturday or another observance."],"references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the official 2027 Holy Week calendar and clarify the name used for 27 March."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/easter-saturday-march-27/"},{"date":"2027-03-28","endDate":"2027-03-28","localName":"Domenica di Pasqua","name":"Easter Sunday","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The Vatican calendar lists Easter Sunday on 28 March 2027. The supplied context describes Easter as the Christian celebration commemorating Jesus’ resurrection, and as the culmination of the Passion observances that include Holy Week. Easter is a movable feast, so its date changes from year to year; the calendar supplies the date for this particular year. The listing supports its status as a Vatican calendar holiday, but the supplied sources do not detail service schedules, closures or how the day is observed by individuals.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"The Vatican calendar lists Easter Sunday on 28 March 2027. The supplied context describes Easter as the Christian celebration commemorating Jesus’ resurrection, and as the culmination of the Passion observances that include Holy Week. Easter is a movable feast, so its date changes from year to year; the calendar supplies the date for this particular year. The listing supports its status as a Vatican calendar holiday, but the supplied sources do not detail service schedules, closures or how the day is observed by individuals.","research":{"holiday_id":"h8","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists Easter Sunday as a Vatican public holiday, and the supplied context describes Easter as the Christian celebration of Jesus’ resurrection.","facts":["Listed for 28 March 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context identifies Easter as commemorating Jesus’ resurrection."],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The supplied evidence does not specify which services or institutions close on Easter Sunday."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h8"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Vatican’s 2027 Easter calendar and official liturgical schedule."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h8","title":"Easter","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/easter-sunday-march-28/"},{"date":"2027-03-29","endDate":"2027-03-29","localName":"Lunedì di Pasqua","name":"Easter Monday","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"Easter Monday, Lunedì di Pasqua, is listed in the Vatican calendar for 29 March 2027, the day after Easter Sunday. The supplied context places it within Eastertide and describes it as the second day of the Easter Octave in Western Christianity. That background supports its religious connection to Easter, while the calendar supplies the specific date and public classification for Vatican City. Neither source states what facilities close or whether schedules differ between State and Church institutions, so those details should not be inferred.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"Easter Monday, Lunedì di Pasqua, is listed in the Vatican calendar for 29 March 2027, the day after Easter Sunday. The supplied context places it within Eastertide and describes it as the second day of the Easter Octave in Western Christianity. That background supports its religious connection to Easter, while the calendar supplies the specific date and public classification for Vatican City. Neither source states what facilities close or whether schedules differ between State and Church institutions, so those details should not be inferred.","research":{"holiday_id":"h9","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"Easter Monday is listed as a Vatican public holiday, and the supplied context identifies its place in the Easter season.","facts":["Listed for 29 March 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context describes it as the second day of Eastertide and, in Western Christianity, the second day of the Easter Octave."],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["Specific closure and service arrangements are not given in the supplied material."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h9"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Vatican’s Easter Monday liturgical schedule and related public-service arrangements."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h9","title":"Easter Monday","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Monday","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/easter-monday-march-29/"},{"date":"2027-03-30","endDate":"2027-03-30","localName":"Martedì di Pasqua","name":"Easter Tuesday","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The supplied Vatican calendar lists Easter Tuesday, Martedì di Pasqua, on 30 March 2027. The attached context describes it as the third day of Eastertide and the third day of the Easter Octave in the Western Christian liturgical calendar. This provides a religious explanation for the name, while the calendar establishes the listed date and public classification. The sources do not give details about which Vatican offices or services observe a closure, so the listing should not be read as proof of a uniform schedule.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"The supplied Vatican calendar lists Easter Tuesday, Martedì di Pasqua, on 30 March 2027. The attached context describes it as the third day of Eastertide and the third day of the Easter Octave in the Western Christian liturgical calendar. This provides a religious explanation for the name, while the calendar establishes the listed date and public classification. The sources do not give details about which Vatican offices or services observe a closure, so the listing should not be read as proof of a uniform schedule.","research":{"holiday_id":"h10","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The Vatican calendar lists Easter Tuesday as a public holiday; the supplied context confirms its place as the third day of the Easter Octave in Western Christianity.","facts":["Listed for 30 March 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context identifies Easter Tuesday as the third day of the Easter Octave in the Western Christian calendar."],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The supplied sources do not clarify the practical scope of this public-holiday listing."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h10"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify whether Easter Tuesday appears in the Vatican’s official 2027 calendar and confirm service arrangements."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h10","title":"Easter Tuesday","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Tuesday","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/easter-tuesday-march-30/"},{"date":"2027-05-01","endDate":"2027-05-01","localName":"San Giuseppe lavoratore","name":"Saint Joseph the Worker","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The Vatican calendar lists Saint Joseph the Worker, San Giuseppe lavoratore, on 1 May 2027. This name refers to a distinct Catholic observance from the 19 March feast of Saint Joseph discussed in the attached context excerpt. The excerpt therefore cannot verify the history or details of the May observance. The calendar supports the date and public classification, but the supplied material does not independently confirm the observance’s historical background or explain what closures apply in Vatican City.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"The Vatican calendar lists Saint Joseph the Worker, San Giuseppe lavoratore, on 1 May 2027. This name refers to a distinct Catholic observance from the 19 March feast of Saint Joseph discussed in the attached context excerpt. The excerpt therefore cannot verify the history or details of the May observance. The calendar supports the date and public classification, but the supplied material does not independently confirm the observance’s historical background or explain what closures apply in Vatican City.","research":{"holiday_id":"h11","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The Vatican calendar lists Saint Joseph the Worker as a public holiday on 1 May. The supplied context concerns the separate 19 March Saint Joseph feast, not this May observance.","facts":["Listed for 1 May 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context discusses Saint Joseph’s Day on 19 March, not the May 1 observance."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied context concerns the 19 March feast and does not substantiate the May 1 observance’s history or local arrangements."],"references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the May 1 liturgical observance and its recognition in the Vatican calendar."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/saint-joseph-the-worker-may-1/"},{"date":"2027-05-08","endDate":"2027-05-08","localName":"Anniversario dell'Elezione del Santo Padre","name":"Anniversary of the election of Pope Leo XIV","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The supplied Vatican calendar identifies 8 May 2027 as the anniversary of the election of Pope Leo XIV and classifies it as a public holiday. The entry provides the observance’s name and date, but no context source is supplied to explain its history or establish its practical significance for Vatican institutions. The calendar listing is evidence that this date is included in the supplied holiday record; it does not show whether all workplaces close or whether special services are held. Further official confirmation would clarify those points.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"The supplied Vatican calendar identifies 8 May 2027 as the anniversary of the election of Pope Leo XIV and classifies it as a public holiday. The entry provides the observance’s name and date, but no context source is supplied to explain its history or establish its practical significance for Vatican institutions. The calendar listing is evidence that this date is included in the supplied holiday record; it does not show whether all workplaces close or whether special services are held. Further official confirmation would clarify those points.","research":{"holiday_id":"h12","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists the anniversary of Pope Leo XIV’s election as a Vatican public holiday on 8 May; the supplied evidence does not independently verify the anniversary’s status or arrangements.","facts":["Listed for 8 May 2027 as a public holiday.","The calendar names it as the anniversary of Pope Leo XIV’s election."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["No independent source is supplied to confirm the holiday’s status, history or operational effect."],"references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official website","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the anniversary’s official recognition and any State holiday arrangements."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/anniversary-of-the-election-of-pope-leo-xiv-may-8/"},{"date":"2027-06-29","endDate":"2027-06-29","localName":"Santi Pietro e Paolo","name":"Saints Peter and Paul","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The Vatican calendar lists Saints Peter and Paul on 29 June 2027. The supplied context explains that the feast honors the martyrdom of the two apostles in Rome and is observed liturgically on this date. This connection to Rome gives the feast particular religious relevance to the city, although the provided sources do not describe any civic ceremonies or closure schedules. The entry establishes the date and public classification in the supplied calendar; further official information would be needed to confirm practical arrangements.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"The Vatican calendar lists Saints Peter and Paul on 29 June 2027. The supplied context explains that the feast honors the martyrdom of the two apostles in Rome and is observed liturgically on this date. This connection to Rome gives the feast particular religious relevance to the city, although the provided sources do not describe any civic ceremonies or closure schedules. The entry establishes the date and public classification in the supplied calendar; further official information would be needed to confirm practical arrangements.","research":{"holiday_id":"h13","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The Vatican calendar lists Saints Peter and Paul as a public holiday, and the supplied context confirms the feast’s date and connection to the apostles’ martyrdom in Rome.","facts":["Listed for 29 June 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context says the feast honors the martyrdom of Peter and Paul in Rome and is observed on 29 June."],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The sources do not specify closures or other practical arrangements in Vatican City."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h13"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Vatican liturgical observance and any official arrangements for the feast."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h13","title":"Feast of Saints Peter and Paul","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feast_of_Saints_Peter_and_Paul","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/saints-peter-and-paul-june-29/"},{"date":"2027-08-14","endDate":"2027-08-14","localName":"Vigilia dell'Assunzione di Maria in Cielo","name":"Vigil of the Assumption","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The supplied calendar lists the Vigil of the Assumption, Vigilia dell'Assunzione di Maria in Cielo, on 14 August 2027 as a public holiday. It places the entry immediately before Assumption Day on 15 August. No context source is supplied to explain how the vigil is marked in Vatican City or whether it has a separate liturgical or administrative status beyond the calendar listing. The date and label can be reported from the record, while claims about particular ceremonies or closures would need official confirmation.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"The supplied calendar lists the Vigil of the Assumption, Vigilia dell'Assunzione di Maria in Cielo, on 14 August 2027 as a public holiday. It places the entry immediately before Assumption Day on 15 August. No context source is supplied to explain how the vigil is marked in Vatican City or whether it has a separate liturgical or administrative status beyond the calendar listing. The date and label can be reported from the record, while claims about particular ceremonies or closures would need official confirmation.","research":{"holiday_id":"h14","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists the Vigil of the Assumption as a Vatican public holiday on 14 August, though no context source confirms its local recognition or practical scope.","facts":["Listed for 14 August 2027 as a public holiday.","The calendar names it as the vigil of the Assumption, listed for the following day."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied evidence does not explain the vigil’s separate status or practical effect."],"references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Assumption vigil in the Vatican liturgical calendar and clarify its status as a public holiday."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/vigil-of-the-assumption-august-14/"},{"date":"2027-08-15","endDate":"2027-08-15","localName":"Assunzione di Maria in Cielo","name":"Assumption Day","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"Assumption Day, Assunzione di Maria in Cielo, is listed in the Vatican calendar for 15 August 2027. The supplied context describes the Catholic teaching that Mary was taken body and soul into heaven at the end of her earthly life, and identifies 15 August as the feast day. This explains the religious significance of the observance. The calendar calls it a public holiday, but the sources provided do not detail which services close or how the day is observed across Vatican institutions.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"Assumption Day, Assunzione di Maria in Cielo, is listed in the Vatican calendar for 15 August 2027. The supplied context describes the Catholic teaching that Mary was taken body and soul into heaven at the end of her earthly life, and identifies 15 August as the feast day. This explains the religious significance of the observance. The calendar calls it a public holiday, but the sources provided do not detail which services close or how the day is observed across Vatican institutions.","research":{"holiday_id":"h15","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The Vatican calendar lists Assumption Day as a public holiday, and the supplied context describes the Catholic belief commemorated and its 15 August date.","facts":["Listed for 15 August 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context describes the Catholic belief that Mary was taken body and soul into heaven and gives 15 August as the feast date."],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The supplied material does not specify the extent of closures or service changes."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h15"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Vatican’s liturgical calendar and official arrangements for the Assumption."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h15","title":"Assumption of Mary","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Mary","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/assumption-day-august-15/"},{"date":"2027-08-16","endDate":"2027-08-16","localName":"Santo Stefano d'Ungheria","name":"Saint Stephen of Hungary","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The supplied calendar lists Saint Stephen of Hungary, Santo Stefano d'Ungheria, on 16 August 2027 and classifies it as a public holiday. No context source is provided to explain the observance, its connection to Vatican City, or how it differs from other Saint Stephen feast days. The entry supports reporting the name and date as listed, but does not independently establish the history or practical reach of the holiday. An official Vatican or Holy See calendar would help verify its local recognition and any service changes.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"The supplied calendar lists Saint Stephen of Hungary, Santo Stefano d'Ungheria, on 16 August 2027 and classifies it as a public holiday. No context source is provided to explain the observance, its connection to Vatican City, or how it differs from other Saint Stephen feast days. The entry supports reporting the name and date as listed, but does not independently establish the history or practical reach of the holiday. An official Vatican or Holy See calendar would help verify its local recognition and any service changes.","research":{"holiday_id":"h16","country_holiday_assessment":"uncertain","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists Saint Stephen of Hungary as a Vatican public holiday on 16 August, but no context source is supplied to verify the observance or its local scope.","facts":["Listed for 16 August 2027 as a public holiday.","No context source accompanies this entry."],"confidence":"low","uncertainties":["No supplied context verifies the observance’s history, Vatican-specific significance or practical scope."],"references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official website","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify whether this feast is formally recognized as a Vatican State holiday and what arrangements apply."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/saint-stephen-of-hungary-august-16/"},{"date":"2027-09-08","endDate":"2027-09-08","localName":"Festa della natività della madonna","name":"Nativity of Mary","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The Vatican calendar lists the Nativity of Mary, Festa della natività della madonna, on 8 September 2027. The supplied context identifies it as a Christian feast celebrating the birth of Mary, the mother of Jesus. It also notes that the modern biblical canon does not record her birth, so the feast’s subject is a tradition of Christian devotion rather than a date established by that canon. The calendar records the day as public, but the sources do not describe local closures or particular Vatican observances.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"The Vatican calendar lists the Nativity of Mary, Festa della natività della madonna, on 8 September 2027. The supplied context identifies it as a Christian feast celebrating the birth of Mary, the mother of Jesus. It also notes that the modern biblical canon does not record her birth, so the feast’s subject is a tradition of Christian devotion rather than a date established by that canon. The calendar records the day as public, but the sources do not describe local closures or particular Vatican observances.","research":{"holiday_id":"h17","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists the Nativity of Mary as a Vatican public holiday, and the supplied context confirms its subject and 8 September date.","facts":["Listed for 8 September 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context describes the feast as celebrating the birth of Mary, mother of Jesus."],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The supplied evidence does not specify the holiday’s practical effect on Vatican services."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h17"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Nativity of Mary in the Vatican liturgical calendar and any local arrangements."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h17","title":"Nativity of Mary","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nativity_of_Mary","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/nativity-of-mary-september-8/"},{"date":"2027-09-17","endDate":"2027-09-17","localName":"Onomastico del Santo Padre","name":"Saint Robert Bellarmine's Day","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The supplied calendar lists Saint Robert Bellarmine’s Day on 17 September 2027 and gives the local name Onomastico del Santo Padre, meaning the Holy Father’s name day. No context source is supplied to verify the connection between the saint and the Pope, explain the observance’s history, or clarify what public-holiday status entails in Vatican City. The listing supports the date and wording as recorded, but claims about ceremonies, closures or wider recognition require an official source. An authoritative Vatican calendar could resolve these questions.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"The supplied calendar lists Saint Robert Bellarmine’s Day on 17 September 2027 and gives the local name Onomastico del Santo Padre, meaning the Holy Father’s name day. No context source is supplied to verify the connection between the saint and the Pope, explain the observance’s history, or clarify what public-holiday status entails in Vatican City. The listing supports the date and wording as recorded, but claims about ceremonies, closures or wider recognition require an official source. An authoritative Vatican calendar could resolve these questions.","research":{"holiday_id":"h18","country_holiday_assessment":"uncertain","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists Saint Robert Bellarmine’s Day as a Vatican public holiday, but no context source confirms the connection to the Pope’s name day or the local status of the observance.","facts":["Listed for 17 September 2027 as a public holiday.","The local name identifies it as the Holy Father’s name day.","No context source accompanies this entry."],"confidence":"low","uncertainties":["No independent context confirms the connection to the Holy Father or the holiday’s practical scope."],"references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official website","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the name-day observance and its recognition as a State public holiday."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/saint-robert-bellarmine-s-day-september-17/"},{"date":"2027-11-01","endDate":"2027-11-01","localName":"Tutti i santi, Ognissanti","name":"All Saints’ Day","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"All Saints’ Day, Tutti i santi or Ognissanti, is listed in the Vatican calendar for 1 November 2027. The supplied context describes it as a Christian holy day honoring all the saints of the Church and identifies 1 November as the Western observance. This explains the religious purpose behind the date, without establishing how the day is marked in Vatican City specifically. The calendar lists it as public, but does not provide details about closures, cemetery customs or individual observance.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"All Saints’ Day, Tutti i santi or Ognissanti, is listed in the Vatican calendar for 1 November 2027. The supplied context describes it as a Christian holy day honoring all the saints of the Church and identifies 1 November as the Western observance. This explains the religious purpose behind the date, without establishing how the day is marked in Vatican City specifically. The calendar lists it as public, but does not provide details about closures, cemetery customs or individual observance.","research":{"holiday_id":"h19","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists All Saints’ Day as a Vatican public holiday, and the supplied context describes its Christian purpose and 1 November date.","facts":["Listed for 1 November 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context says the day honors all the saints of the Church and gives 1 November as the Western observance."],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The supplied sources do not detail Vatican-specific customs or closure arrangements."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h19"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Vatican liturgical calendar and any official service arrangements for All Saints’ Day."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h19","title":"All Saints' Day","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Saints%27_Day","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/all-saints-day-november-1/"},{"date":"2027-11-02","endDate":"2027-11-02","localName":"Giorno dei morti","name":"All Souls’ Day","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The Vatican calendar lists All Souls’ Day, Giorno dei morti, on 2 November 2027. The supplied context describes the day as a Christian observance of prayer and remembrance for the faithful departed, following All Saints’ Day in the Western calendar. That religious context explains the observance’s place in the calendar. The listing classifies the date as a public holiday, but the supplied sources do not confirm particular Vatican services, cemetery practices or the extent of any closures.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"The Vatican calendar lists All Souls’ Day, Giorno dei morti, on 2 November 2027. The supplied context describes the day as a Christian observance of prayer and remembrance for the faithful departed, following All Saints’ Day in the Western calendar. That religious context explains the observance’s place in the calendar. The listing classifies the date as a public holiday, but the supplied sources do not confirm particular Vatican services, cemetery practices or the extent of any closures.","research":{"holiday_id":"h20","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists All Souls’ Day as a Vatican public holiday, and the supplied context confirms its 2 November date and purpose of prayer and remembrance for the departed.","facts":["Listed for 2 November 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context describes it as a day of prayer and remembrance for the faithful departed."],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["Specific services and public-service arrangements are not stated in the supplied evidence."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h20"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Vatican’s liturgical observance and official service schedule for All Souls’ Day."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h20","title":"All Souls' Day","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Souls%27_Day","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/all-souls-day-november-2/"},{"date":"2027-12-08","endDate":"2027-12-08","localName":"Immacolata Concezione","name":"Immaculate Conception","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The Immaculate Conception, Immacolata Concezione, is listed in the Vatican calendar for 8 December 2027. The supplied context explains that the Catholic doctrine concerns Mary being free from original sin from the moment of her conception; it is not a reference to the conception of Jesus. The excerpt also gives 8 December as the feast day. The calendar classifies it as a public holiday, but the supplied sources do not establish which institutions close or what specific Vatican services take place.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"The Immaculate Conception, Immacolata Concezione, is listed in the Vatican calendar for 8 December 2027. The supplied context explains that the Catholic doctrine concerns Mary being free from original sin from the moment of her conception; it is not a reference to the conception of Jesus. The excerpt also gives 8 December as the feast day. The calendar classifies it as a public holiday, but the supplied sources do not establish which institutions close or what specific Vatican services take place.","research":{"holiday_id":"h21","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists the Immaculate Conception as a Vatican public holiday, and the supplied context describes the Catholic doctrine and its 8 December feast date.","facts":["Listed for 8 December 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context defines the doctrine as Mary’s freedom from original sin from the moment of her conception and gives 8 December as its feast day."],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The sources do not specify the practical scope of the public-holiday listing."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h21"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Vatican’s liturgical observance and public-service arrangements for the feast."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h21","title":"Immaculate Conception","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conception","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/immaculate-conception-december-8/"},{"date":"2027-12-24","endDate":"2027-12-24","localName":"Vigilia di Natale","name":"Christmas Eve","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"Christmas Eve, Vigilia di Natale, is listed in the Vatican calendar for 24 December 2027. The supplied context describes it as the day or evening before Christmas, the Christian celebration of Jesus’ birth, and notes that some Christian observances begin on the evening before the feast. This provides religious context for the date, but does not verify which Vatican institutions close or what services are scheduled. The calendar’s public classification supports including the date, while practical arrangements remain unspecified.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"Christmas Eve, Vigilia di Natale, is listed in the Vatican calendar for 24 December 2027. The supplied context describes it as the day or evening before Christmas, the Christian celebration of Jesus’ birth, and notes that some Christian observances begin on the evening before the feast. This provides religious context for the date, but does not verify which Vatican institutions close or what services are scheduled. The calendar’s public classification supports including the date, while practical arrangements remain unspecified.","research":{"holiday_id":"h22","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists Christmas Eve as a Vatican public holiday, and the supplied context describes its place before Christmas Day and related Christian observance.","facts":["Listed for 24 December 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context describes Christmas Eve as the day or evening before Christmas, the Christian festival commemorating Jesus’ birth."],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The supplied sources do not state the extent of closures or the Christmas Eve service schedule."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h22"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Vatican Christmas liturgical schedule and any public-service arrangements for Christmas Eve."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h22","title":"Christmas Eve","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_Eve","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/christmas-eve-december-24/"},{"date":"2027-12-25","endDate":"2027-12-25","localName":"Natale","name":"Christmas Day","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The supplied Vatican calendar lists Christmas Day, Natale, on 25 December 2027 as a public holiday. The context excerpt attached to this entry is about Christmas in New Zealand, so its descriptions of local customs and statutory arrangements do not apply as evidence about Vatican City. The date and public classification can be reported from the calendar, but the provided material does not describe Vatican-specific services, closures or traditions. An official Vatican source would be needed for those local details.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"The supplied Vatican calendar lists Christmas Day, Natale, on 25 December 2027 as a public holiday. The context excerpt attached to this entry is about Christmas in New Zealand, so its descriptions of local customs and statutory arrangements do not apply as evidence about Vatican City. The date and public classification can be reported from the calendar, but the provided material does not describe Vatican-specific services, closures or traditions. An official Vatican source would be needed for those local details.","research":{"holiday_id":"h23","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists Christmas Day as a Vatican public holiday. The supplied context is about Christmas in New Zealand, so it does not verify Vatican-specific customs or arrangements.","facts":["Listed for 25 December 2027 as a public holiday.","The attached context concerns Christmas in New Zealand and does not establish Vatican-specific details."],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The attached context concerns New Zealand, not Vatican City; Vatican-specific arrangements are not independently verified."],"references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Vatican Christmas liturgy and local public-service arrangements."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/christmas-day-december-25/"},{"date":"2027-12-26","endDate":"2027-12-26","localName":"Silvestro","name":"New Year's Eve","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The supplied calendar labels 26 December 2027 as New Year’s Eve, but this conflicts with the attached context, which identifies Gregorian New Year’s Eve as 31 December. The calendar also lists Saint Stephen’s Day separately on 26 December. These records do not establish a Vatican observance of New Year’s Eve on the 26th; the date may reflect a data or naming error, or a separate local listing that needs confirmation. The entry should not be treated as a verified holiday under this name without checking an authoritative calendar.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"The supplied calendar labels 26 December 2027 as New Year’s Eve, but this conflicts with the attached context, which identifies Gregorian New Year’s Eve as 31 December. The calendar also lists Saint Stephen’s Day separately on 26 December. These records do not establish a Vatican observance of New Year’s Eve on the 26th; the date may reflect a data or naming error, or a separate local listing that needs confirmation. The entry should not be treated as a verified holiday under this name without checking an authoritative calendar.","research":{"holiday_id":"h24","country_holiday_assessment":"likely_not_a_holiday","assessment_reason":"The calendar assigns the name New Year’s Eve to 26 December, but the supplied context defines New Year’s Eve as 31 December. The date and label appear inconsistent, and the separate Saint Stephen’s Day entry on 26 December adds to the mismatch.","facts":["The supplied calendar lists New Year’s Eve on 26 December 2027.","The attached context defines Gregorian New Year’s Eve as 31 December.","A separate entry lists Saint Stephen’s Day on 26 December."],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["It is unresolved whether the 26 December entry is a calendar error or refers to another observance."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h24"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official website","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could check the official 2027 holiday calendar and determine whether the 26 December label is an error."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h24","title":"New Year's Eve","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Year%27s_Eve","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/new-year-s-eve-december-26/"},{"date":"2027-12-26","endDate":"2027-12-26","localName":"Santo Stefano","name":"Saint Stephen's Day","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"Saint Stephen’s Day, Santo Stefano, is listed in the Vatican calendar on 26 December 2027. The supplied context identifies Stephen as the first Christian martyr and gives 26 December as the Western Christian observance, the day after Christmas. This supports the feast’s religious context and explains its position in the calendar. The listing classifies it as public, but the material provided does not detail Vatican-specific ceremonies, service schedules or the extent of closures.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"Saint Stephen’s Day, Santo Stefano, is listed in the Vatican calendar on 26 December 2027. The supplied context identifies Stephen as the first Christian martyr and gives 26 December as the Western Christian observance, the day after Christmas. This supports the feast’s religious context and explains its position in the calendar. The listing classifies it as public, but the material provided does not detail Vatican-specific ceremonies, service schedules or the extent of closures.","research":{"holiday_id":"h25","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The Vatican calendar lists Saint Stephen’s Day as a public holiday on 26 December, and the supplied context describes its Christian significance and Western date.","facts":["Listed for 26 December 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context identifies Stephen as the first Christian martyr and gives 26 December as the Western observance."],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The supplied sources do not specify practical closure or service arrangements."],"references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h25"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the feast in the Vatican liturgical calendar and confirm local arrangements."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"},{"id":"wikipedia-h25","title":"Saint Stephen's Day","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Stephen%27s_Day","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/saint-stephen-s-day-december-26/"},{"date":"2027-12-27","endDate":"2027-12-27","localName":"San Giovanni Evangelista","name":"Saint John the Evangelist","countryCode":"VA","type":["PUBLIC"],"observed":null,"region":null,"nationwide":true,"description":"The supplied Vatican calendar lists Saint John the Evangelist, San Giovanni Evangelista, on 27 December 2027 as a public holiday. No context source is provided to explain the feast’s history or how it is observed in Vatican City. The record supports the listed name, date and classification, but it does not independently establish the observance’s local significance or the effect on State and Church services. An official calendar or notice would be needed to confirm whether the holiday involves closures or any particular arrangements.","populationCoverage":null,"source":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","source_ref":"openholidays-api","license":"ODbL-1.0","fetched_at":"2026-10-07T17:15:37Z","article":"The supplied Vatican calendar lists Saint John the Evangelist, San Giovanni Evangelista, on 27 December 2027 as a public holiday. No context source is provided to explain the feast’s history or how it is observed in Vatican City. The record supports the listed name, date and classification, but it does not independently establish the observance’s local significance or the effect on State and Church services. An official calendar or notice would be needed to confirm whether the holiday involves closures or any particular arrangements.","research":{"holiday_id":"h26","country_holiday_assessment":"uncertain","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists Saint John the Evangelist as a Vatican public holiday on 27 December, but no context source is supplied to verify this observance or its local scope.","facts":["Listed for 27 December 2027 as a public holiday.","No context source accompanies this entry."],"confidence":"low","uncertainties":["No supplied context verifies the observance’s history, Vatican-specific recognition or practical scope."],"references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the feast’s place in the Vatican calendar and its public-holiday arrangements."}],"source_suggestions_verified":false},"references":[{"id":"openholidays-api","title":"OpenHolidays API (ODbL-1.0)","url":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode=VA&validFrom=2027-01-01&validTo=2027-12-31","license":"ODbL-1.0","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"}],"seo_url":"/vatican-city/2027/saint-john-the-evangelist-december-27/"}],"references":{"openholidays-api":{"id":"openholidays-api","name":"OpenHolidays API","url_template":"https://openholidaysapi.org/PublicHolidays?countryIsoCode={country}&validFrom={year}-01-01&validTo={year}-12-31","kind":"calendar-data","license":"Open Database License (ODbL-1.0)","license_url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/","reuse_policy":"Credit OpenHolidays and link the ODbL. Derived calendar datasets are published under ODbL-1.0 with source and license metadata.","commercial_status":"permitted-with-odbl-conditions","use":"Supported-country public holiday dates and classifications; retain source URL, retrieval timestamp, attribution, and license metadata.","images":"not-used"},"wikipedia-h1":{"id":"wikipedia-h1","title":"Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solemnity_of_Mary%2C_Mother_of_God","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h2":{"id":"wikipedia-h2","title":"Epiphany","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiphany","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h4":{"id":"wikipedia-h4","title":"Saint Joseph","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Joseph","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h5":{"id":"wikipedia-h5","title":"Maundy Thursday","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maundy_Thursday","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h6":{"id":"wikipedia-h6","title":"Good Friday","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_Friday","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h7":{"id":"wikipedia-h7","title":"Easter Saturday","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Saturday","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h8":{"id":"wikipedia-h8","title":"Easter","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h9":{"id":"wikipedia-h9","title":"Easter Monday","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Monday","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h10":{"id":"wikipedia-h10","title":"Easter Tuesday","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Tuesday","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h11":{"id":"wikipedia-h11","title":"Saint Joseph's Day","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Joseph%27s_Day","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h13":{"id":"wikipedia-h13","title":"Feast of Saints Peter and Paul","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feast_of_Saints_Peter_and_Paul","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h15":{"id":"wikipedia-h15","title":"Assumption of Mary","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Mary","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h17":{"id":"wikipedia-h17","title":"Nativity of Mary","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nativity_of_Mary","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h19":{"id":"wikipedia-h19","title":"All Saints' Day","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Saints%27_Day","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h20":{"id":"wikipedia-h20","title":"All Souls' Day","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Souls%27_Day","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h21":{"id":"wikipedia-h21","title":"Immaculate Conception","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conception","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h22":{"id":"wikipedia-h22","title":"Christmas Eve","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_Eve","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h23":{"id":"wikipedia-h23","title":"Christmas in New Zealand","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_in_New_Zealand","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h24":{"id":"wikipedia-h24","title":"New Year's Eve","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Year%27s_Eve","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."},"wikipedia-h25":{"id":"wikipedia-h25","title":"Saint Stephen's Day","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Stephen%27s_Day","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0; reference only","license_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights","reuse_policy":"Reference only; original wording used."}},"article_quality":"country-year-research-v1","research":{"model":"llm-proxy","source_registry":"source-registry.json","sfw":true,"request_id":"ca5d94df-d5ed-438b-a9f1-fa56bf194b48","request_ids":["ca5d94df-d5ed-438b-a9f1-fa56bf194b48"],"response_schema":"country-year-holidays-v1","response":{"holidays":[{"holiday_id":"h1","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists this as a Vatican public holiday; the supplied context confirms its Catholic observance on 1 January, but does not establish the precise legal arrangements for the day.","facts":["Listed for 1 January 2027 as a public holiday.","The Catholic Roman Rite celebrates the solemnity on 1 January."],"article":"Vatican City’s supplied calendar lists the Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God on 1 January 2027. In the Roman Catholic calendar, this feast honors Mary in her role as the mother of Jesus and falls on the eighth day of Christmastide. The listing supports treating it as a Vatican calendar observance, but the material provided does not independently confirm whether all services or institutions close, or whether any exceptions apply. Its religious meaning is distinct from the civil New Year observance that shares the date.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h1"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Holy See’s liturgical calendar and relevant Vatican observance details."}],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The calendar listing does not specify the extent of closures or the legal basis for the holiday."]},{"holiday_id":"h2","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists Epiphany as a Vatican public holiday on 6 January; the attached context excerpt is not informative enough to verify additional details.","facts":["Listed for 6 January 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context excerpt does not provide usable information about the feast."],"article":"The supplied Vatican calendar lists Epiphany, or Epifania del Signore, on 6 January 2027. Epiphany is a Christian feast in the Christmas season; the calendar entry itself establishes the listed date and public classification, not the scope of any closure. The attached context excerpt only says that “Epiphany” may refer to different things, so it does not verify the feast’s particular history or Vatican arrangements. This entry is therefore best understood as a calendar-listed religious observance, with practical details left open.","references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Roman Catholic liturgical calendar and Vatican observance details for Epiphany."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied context gives no substantive information about Epiphany or its Vatican-specific observance."]},{"holiday_id":"h3","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists the anniversary as a Vatican public holiday. The supplied evidence does not independently establish the anniversary’s history or the legal scope of the holiday.","facts":["Listed for 11 February 2027 as a public holiday.","The listed name identifies it as an anniversary of Vatican City’s foundation."],"article":"The Vatican calendar lists 11 February 2027 as the anniversary of the foundation of Vatican City. The entry identifies it as a public holiday, but the supplied material does not explain the historical event being commemorated or specify what institutions observe a closure. The date also appears alongside religious feasts in the calendar, but this entry is framed as a civic anniversary. For a fuller account of its origin and current official status, a Vatican State source would be more suitable than assuming details from the calendar label alone.","references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official website","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the anniversary’s official name, historical background and State holiday status."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied evidence does not give the anniversary’s historical background or define the scope of the public holiday."]},{"holiday_id":"h4","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists Saint Joseph as a Vatican public holiday on 19 March, and the supplied context supports his significance in Catholic tradition; it does not verify local closure arrangements.","facts":["Listed for 19 March 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context identifies Joseph as Mary’s husband and Jesus’ legal father and notes his veneration in the Catholic Church."],"article":"Vatican City’s calendar lists Saint Joseph on 19 March 2027. The supplied context describes Joseph as Mary’s husband and Jesus’ legal father, and notes his veneration in the Catholic Church. The feast is therefore a religious observance, rather than a date whose significance is established here through a civic history. The calendar classifies it as public, but the sources provided do not state which workplaces or institutions close, or whether the observance has any local variations in Vatican City.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h4"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the feast’s Vatican liturgical observance and any associated public-holiday arrangements."}],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The provided sources do not specify the holiday’s practical effect on services or institutions."]},{"holiday_id":"h5","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The Vatican calendar lists Maundy Thursday as a public holiday, and the supplied context describes its place in Holy Week and what it commemorates.","facts":["Listed for 25 March 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context says it begins the Paschal Triduum and commemorates the Last Supper and washing of feet."],"article":"Maundy Thursday, called Giovedì santo in the supplied calendar, falls on 25 March 2027 and is listed as a Vatican public holiday. The supplied context describes it as part of Holy Week and the beginning of the Paschal Triduum, commemorating Jesus’ Last Supper with the apostles and the washing of feet. Those religious meanings explain the observance, but the calendar and context do not establish which State or Church services change their hours. The listing supports the holiday’s inclusion, not a claim of universal closure.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h5"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Vatican’s Holy Week liturgy and official service arrangements."}],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The supplied evidence does not specify closures or operational changes in Vatican City."]},{"holiday_id":"h6","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists Good Friday as a Vatican public holiday, and the supplied context confirms its Christian commemoration of the crucifixion and death of Jesus.","facts":["Listed for 26 March 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context identifies it as a solemn day commemorating Jesus’ crucifixion and death."],"article":"Good Friday is listed in the Vatican calendar for 26 March 2027. The supplied context describes it as a solemn Christian day commemorating Jesus’ crucifixion and death, observed during Holy Week as part of the Paschal Triduum. This religious context helps explain the date’s significance in the Vatican calendar. The materials provided do not say which offices or services suspend operations, so the public-holiday classification should not be taken as evidence that every institution follows the same schedule.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h6"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Vatican’s Good Friday liturgy and any official changes to public services."}],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["No supplied source specifies the extent of closures or service changes."]},{"holiday_id":"h7","country_holiday_assessment":"uncertain","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists Easter Saturday as public on 27 March, but the attached context describes the Saturday of Easter Week, which is after Easter Sunday and does not match this listed date.","facts":["Listed for 27 March 2027 as a public holiday.","The calendar places it one day before its listed Easter Sunday.","The attached context describes a different day in the Easter season."],"article":"The supplied calendar lists Easter Saturday, Sabato di Pasqua, as a public holiday on 27 March 2027, one day before its Easter Sunday entry. However, the attached context describes “Easter Saturday” as the Saturday of Easter Week, which follows Easter Sunday; it does not explain the date listed here. The entry may be referring to Holy Saturday, the day before Easter in the Western Christian calendar, but that identification is not verified by the supplied context. The precise intended observance and any local arrangements remain uncertain.","references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the official 2027 Holy Week calendar and clarify the name used for 27 March."}],"confidence":"low","uncertainties":["The attached context’s definition does not match the calendar’s placement of this date before Easter Sunday.","It is unclear whether the entry intends Holy Saturday or another observance."]},{"holiday_id":"h8","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists Easter Sunday as a Vatican public holiday, and the supplied context describes Easter as the Christian celebration of Jesus’ resurrection.","facts":["Listed for 28 March 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context identifies Easter as commemorating Jesus’ resurrection."],"article":"The Vatican calendar lists Easter Sunday on 28 March 2027. The supplied context describes Easter as the Christian celebration commemorating Jesus’ resurrection, and as the culmination of the Passion observances that include Holy Week. Easter is a movable feast, so its date changes from year to year; the calendar supplies the date for this particular year. The listing supports its status as a Vatican calendar holiday, but the supplied sources do not detail service schedules, closures or how the day is observed by individuals.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h8"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Vatican’s 2027 Easter calendar and official liturgical schedule."}],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The supplied evidence does not specify which services or institutions close on Easter Sunday."]},{"holiday_id":"h9","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"Easter Monday is listed as a Vatican public holiday, and the supplied context identifies its place in the Easter season.","facts":["Listed for 29 March 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context describes it as the second day of Eastertide and, in Western Christianity, the second day of the Easter Octave."],"article":"Easter Monday, Lunedì di Pasqua, is listed in the Vatican calendar for 29 March 2027, the day after Easter Sunday. The supplied context places it within Eastertide and describes it as the second day of the Easter Octave in Western Christianity. That background supports its religious connection to Easter, while the calendar supplies the specific date and public classification for Vatican City. Neither source states what facilities close or whether schedules differ between State and Church institutions, so those details should not be inferred.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h9"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Vatican’s Easter Monday liturgical schedule and related public-service arrangements."}],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["Specific closure and service arrangements are not given in the supplied material."]},{"holiday_id":"h10","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The Vatican calendar lists Easter Tuesday as a public holiday; the supplied context confirms its place as the third day of the Easter Octave in Western Christianity.","facts":["Listed for 30 March 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context identifies Easter Tuesday as the third day of the Easter Octave in the Western Christian calendar."],"article":"The supplied Vatican calendar lists Easter Tuesday, Martedì di Pasqua, on 30 March 2027. The attached context describes it as the third day of Eastertide and the third day of the Easter Octave in the Western Christian liturgical calendar. This provides a religious explanation for the name, while the calendar establishes the listed date and public classification. The sources do not give details about which Vatican offices or services observe a closure, so the listing should not be read as proof of a uniform schedule.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h10"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify whether Easter Tuesday appears in the Vatican’s official 2027 calendar and confirm service arrangements."}],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The supplied sources do not clarify the practical scope of this public-holiday listing."]},{"holiday_id":"h11","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The Vatican calendar lists Saint Joseph the Worker as a public holiday on 1 May. The supplied context concerns the separate 19 March Saint Joseph feast, not this May observance.","facts":["Listed for 1 May 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context discusses Saint Joseph’s Day on 19 March, not the May 1 observance."],"article":"The Vatican calendar lists Saint Joseph the Worker, San Giuseppe lavoratore, on 1 May 2027. This name refers to a distinct Catholic observance from the 19 March feast of Saint Joseph discussed in the attached context excerpt. The excerpt therefore cannot verify the history or details of the May observance. The calendar supports the date and public classification, but the supplied material does not independently confirm the observance’s historical background or explain what closures apply in Vatican City.","references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the May 1 liturgical observance and its recognition in the Vatican calendar."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied context concerns the 19 March feast and does not substantiate the May 1 observance’s history or local arrangements."]},{"holiday_id":"h12","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The supplied calendar lists the anniversary of Pope Leo XIV’s election as a Vatican public holiday on 8 May; the supplied evidence does not independently verify the anniversary’s status or arrangements.","facts":["Listed for 8 May 2027 as a public holiday.","The calendar names it as the anniversary of Pope Leo XIV’s election."],"article":"The supplied Vatican calendar identifies 8 May 2027 as the anniversary of the election of Pope Leo XIV and classifies it as a public holiday. The entry provides the observance’s name and date, but no context source is supplied to explain its history or establish its practical significance for Vatican institutions. The calendar listing is evidence that this date is included in the supplied holiday record; it does not show whether all workplaces close or whether special services are held. Further official confirmation would clarify those points.","references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official website","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the anniversary’s official recognition and any State holiday arrangements."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["No independent source is supplied to confirm the holiday’s status, history or operational effect."]},{"holiday_id":"h13","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The Vatican calendar lists Saints Peter and Paul as a public holiday, and the supplied context confirms the feast’s date and connection to the apostles’ martyrdom in Rome.","facts":["Listed for 29 June 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context says the feast honors the martyrdom of Peter and Paul in Rome and is observed on 29 June."],"article":"The Vatican calendar lists Saints Peter and Paul on 29 June 2027. The supplied context explains that the feast honors the martyrdom of the two apostles in Rome and is observed liturgically on this date. This connection to Rome gives the feast particular religious relevance to the city, although the provided sources do not describe any civic ceremonies or closure schedules. The entry establishes the date and public classification in the supplied calendar; further official information would be needed to confirm practical arrangements.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h13"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Vatican liturgical observance and any official arrangements for the feast."}],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The sources do not specify closures or other practical arrangements in Vatican City."]},{"holiday_id":"h14","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists the Vigil of the Assumption as a Vatican public holiday on 14 August, though no context source confirms its local recognition or practical scope.","facts":["Listed for 14 August 2027 as a public holiday.","The calendar names it as the vigil of the Assumption, listed for the following day."],"article":"The supplied calendar lists the Vigil of the Assumption, Vigilia dell'Assunzione di Maria in Cielo, on 14 August 2027 as a public holiday. It places the entry immediately before Assumption Day on 15 August. No context source is supplied to explain how the vigil is marked in Vatican City or whether it has a separate liturgical or administrative status beyond the calendar listing. The date and label can be reported from the record, while claims about particular ceremonies or closures would need official confirmation.","references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Assumption vigil in the Vatican liturgical calendar and clarify its status as a public holiday."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The supplied evidence does not explain the vigil’s separate status or practical effect."]},{"holiday_id":"h15","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The Vatican calendar lists Assumption Day as a public holiday, and the supplied context describes the Catholic belief commemorated and its 15 August date.","facts":["Listed for 15 August 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context describes the Catholic belief that Mary was taken body and soul into heaven and gives 15 August as the feast date."],"article":"Assumption Day, Assunzione di Maria in Cielo, is listed in the Vatican calendar for 15 August 2027. The supplied context describes the Catholic teaching that Mary was taken body and soul into heaven at the end of her earthly life, and identifies 15 August as the feast day. This explains the religious significance of the observance. The calendar calls it a public holiday, but the sources provided do not detail which services close or how the day is observed across Vatican institutions.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h15"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Vatican’s liturgical calendar and official arrangements for the Assumption."}],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The supplied material does not specify the extent of closures or service changes."]},{"holiday_id":"h16","country_holiday_assessment":"uncertain","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists Saint Stephen of Hungary as a Vatican public holiday on 16 August, but no context source is supplied to verify the observance or its local scope.","facts":["Listed for 16 August 2027 as a public holiday.","No context source accompanies this entry."],"article":"The supplied calendar lists Saint Stephen of Hungary, Santo Stefano d'Ungheria, on 16 August 2027 and classifies it as a public holiday. No context source is provided to explain the observance, its connection to Vatican City, or how it differs from other Saint Stephen feast days. The entry supports reporting the name and date as listed, but does not independently establish the history or practical reach of the holiday. An official Vatican or Holy See calendar would help verify its local recognition and any service changes.","references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official website","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify whether this feast is formally recognized as a Vatican State holiday and what arrangements apply."}],"confidence":"low","uncertainties":["No supplied context verifies the observance’s history, Vatican-specific significance or practical scope."]},{"holiday_id":"h17","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists the Nativity of Mary as a Vatican public holiday, and the supplied context confirms its subject and 8 September date.","facts":["Listed for 8 September 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context describes the feast as celebrating the birth of Mary, mother of Jesus."],"article":"The Vatican calendar lists the Nativity of Mary, Festa della natività della madonna, on 8 September 2027. The supplied context identifies it as a Christian feast celebrating the birth of Mary, the mother of Jesus. It also notes that the modern biblical canon does not record her birth, so the feast’s subject is a tradition of Christian devotion rather than a date established by that canon. The calendar records the day as public, but the sources do not describe local closures or particular Vatican observances.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h17"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Nativity of Mary in the Vatican liturgical calendar and any local arrangements."}],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The supplied evidence does not specify the holiday’s practical effect on Vatican services."]},{"holiday_id":"h18","country_holiday_assessment":"uncertain","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists Saint Robert Bellarmine’s Day as a Vatican public holiday, but no context source confirms the connection to the Pope’s name day or the local status of the observance.","facts":["Listed for 17 September 2027 as a public holiday.","The local name identifies it as the Holy Father’s name day.","No context source accompanies this entry."],"article":"The supplied calendar lists Saint Robert Bellarmine’s Day on 17 September 2027 and gives the local name Onomastico del Santo Padre, meaning the Holy Father’s name day. No context source is supplied to verify the connection between the saint and the Pope, explain the observance’s history, or clarify what public-holiday status entails in Vatican City. The listing supports the date and wording as recorded, but claims about ceremonies, closures or wider recognition require an official source. An authoritative Vatican calendar could resolve these questions.","references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official website","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could verify the name-day observance and its recognition as a State public holiday."}],"confidence":"low","uncertainties":["No independent context confirms the connection to the Holy Father or the holiday’s practical scope."]},{"holiday_id":"h19","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists All Saints’ Day as a Vatican public holiday, and the supplied context describes its Christian purpose and 1 November date.","facts":["Listed for 1 November 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context says the day honors all the saints of the Church and gives 1 November as the Western observance."],"article":"All Saints’ Day, Tutti i santi or Ognissanti, is listed in the Vatican calendar for 1 November 2027. The supplied context describes it as a Christian holy day honoring all the saints of the Church and identifies 1 November as the Western observance. This explains the religious purpose behind the date, without establishing how the day is marked in Vatican City specifically. The calendar lists it as public, but does not provide details about closures, cemetery customs or individual observance.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h19"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Vatican liturgical calendar and any official service arrangements for All Saints’ Day."}],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The supplied sources do not detail Vatican-specific customs or closure arrangements."]},{"holiday_id":"h20","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists All Souls’ Day as a Vatican public holiday, and the supplied context confirms its 2 November date and purpose of prayer and remembrance for the departed.","facts":["Listed for 2 November 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context describes it as a day of prayer and remembrance for the faithful departed."],"article":"The Vatican calendar lists All Souls’ Day, Giorno dei morti, on 2 November 2027. The supplied context describes the day as a Christian observance of prayer and remembrance for the faithful departed, following All Saints’ Day in the Western calendar. That religious context explains the observance’s place in the calendar. The listing classifies the date as a public holiday, but the supplied sources do not confirm particular Vatican services, cemetery practices or the extent of any closures.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h20"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Vatican’s liturgical observance and official service schedule for All Souls’ Day."}],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["Specific services and public-service arrangements are not stated in the supplied evidence."]},{"holiday_id":"h21","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists the Immaculate Conception as a Vatican public holiday, and the supplied context describes the Catholic doctrine and its 8 December feast date.","facts":["Listed for 8 December 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context defines the doctrine as Mary’s freedom from original sin from the moment of her conception and gives 8 December as its feast day."],"article":"The Immaculate Conception, Immacolata Concezione, is listed in the Vatican calendar for 8 December 2027. The supplied context explains that the Catholic doctrine concerns Mary being free from original sin from the moment of her conception; it is not a reference to the conception of Jesus. The excerpt also gives 8 December as the feast day. The calendar classifies it as a public holiday, but the supplied sources do not establish which institutions close or what specific Vatican services take place.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h21"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Vatican’s liturgical observance and public-service arrangements for the feast."}],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The sources do not specify the practical scope of the public-holiday listing."]},{"holiday_id":"h22","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists Christmas Eve as a Vatican public holiday, and the supplied context describes its place before Christmas Day and related Christian observance.","facts":["Listed for 24 December 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context describes Christmas Eve as the day or evening before Christmas, the Christian festival commemorating Jesus’ birth."],"article":"Christmas Eve, Vigilia di Natale, is listed in the Vatican calendar for 24 December 2027. The supplied context describes it as the day or evening before Christmas, the Christian celebration of Jesus’ birth, and notes that some Christian observances begin on the evening before the feast. This provides religious context for the date, but does not verify which Vatican institutions close or what services are scheduled. The calendar’s public classification supports including the date, while practical arrangements remain unspecified.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h22"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Vatican Christmas liturgical schedule and any public-service arrangements for Christmas Eve."}],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The supplied sources do not state the extent of closures or the Christmas Eve service schedule."]},{"holiday_id":"h23","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists Christmas Day as a Vatican public holiday. The supplied context is about Christmas in New Zealand, so it does not verify Vatican-specific customs or arrangements.","facts":["Listed for 25 December 2027 as a public holiday.","The attached context concerns Christmas in New Zealand and does not establish Vatican-specific details."],"article":"The supplied Vatican calendar lists Christmas Day, Natale, on 25 December 2027 as a public holiday. The context excerpt attached to this entry is about Christmas in New Zealand, so its descriptions of local customs and statutory arrangements do not apply as evidence about Vatican City. The date and public classification can be reported from the calendar, but the provided material does not describe Vatican-specific services, closures or traditions. An official Vatican source would be needed for those local details.","references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the Vatican Christmas liturgy and local public-service arrangements."}],"confidence":"medium","uncertainties":["The attached context concerns New Zealand, not Vatican City; Vatican-specific arrangements are not independently verified."]},{"holiday_id":"h24","country_holiday_assessment":"likely_not_a_holiday","assessment_reason":"The calendar assigns the name New Year’s Eve to 26 December, but the supplied context defines New Year’s Eve as 31 December. The date and label appear inconsistent, and the separate Saint Stephen’s Day entry on 26 December adds to the mismatch.","facts":["The supplied calendar lists New Year’s Eve on 26 December 2027.","The attached context defines Gregorian New Year’s Eve as 31 December.","A separate entry lists Saint Stephen’s Day on 26 December."],"article":"The supplied calendar labels 26 December 2027 as New Year’s Eve, but this conflicts with the attached context, which identifies Gregorian New Year’s Eve as 31 December. The calendar also lists Saint Stephen’s Day separately on 26 December. These records do not establish a Vatican observance of New Year’s Eve on the 26th; the date may reflect a data or naming error, or a separate local listing that needs confirmation. The entry should not be treated as a verified holiday under this name without checking an authoritative calendar.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h24"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican City State official website","url":"https://www.vaticanstate.va/","reason":"Could check the official 2027 holiday calendar and determine whether the 26 December label is an error."}],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["It is unresolved whether the 26 December entry is a calendar error or refers to another observance."]},{"holiday_id":"h25","country_holiday_assessment":"supported","assessment_reason":"The Vatican calendar lists Saint Stephen’s Day as a public holiday on 26 December, and the supplied context describes its Christian significance and Western date.","facts":["Listed for 26 December 2027 as a public holiday.","The supplied context identifies Stephen as the first Christian martyr and gives 26 December as the Western observance."],"article":"Saint Stephen’s Day, Santo Stefano, is listed in the Vatican calendar on 26 December 2027. The supplied context identifies Stephen as the first Christian martyr and gives 26 December as the Western Christian observance, the day after Christmas. This supports the feast’s religious context and explains its position in the calendar. The listing classifies it as public, but the material provided does not detail Vatican-specific ceremonies, service schedules or the extent of closures.","references":["openholidays-api","wikipedia-h25"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the feast in the Vatican liturgical calendar and confirm local arrangements."}],"confidence":"high","uncertainties":["The supplied sources do not specify practical closure or service arrangements."]},{"holiday_id":"h26","country_holiday_assessment":"uncertain","assessment_reason":"The calendar lists Saint John the Evangelist as a Vatican public holiday on 27 December, but no context source is supplied to verify this observance or its local scope.","facts":["Listed for 27 December 2027 as a public holiday.","No context source accompanies this entry."],"article":"The supplied Vatican calendar lists Saint John the Evangelist, San Giovanni Evangelista, on 27 December 2027 as a public holiday. No context source is provided to explain the feast’s history or how it is observed in Vatican City. The record supports the listed name, date and classification, but it does not independently establish the observance’s local significance or the effect on State and Church services. An official calendar or notice would be needed to confirm whether the holiday involves closures or any particular arrangements.","references":["openholidays-api"],"source_suggestions":[{"title":"Vatican official website","url":"https://www.vatican.va/","reason":"Could verify the feast’s place in the Vatican calendar and its public-holiday arrangements."}],"confidence":"low","uncertainties":["No supplied context verifies the observance’s history, Vatican-specific recognition or practical scope."]}]}}}